Hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of Cleome Droserifolia [Samwah] in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

Diabetes mellitus [DM] is a chronic disease caused by inherited or acquired deficiency in insulin secretion and by decreased responsiveness of the organs to the secreted insulin. Recently, some medicinal plants have been reported to be useful in diabetes treatment. Cleome droserifolia [Samwah] having a long history in Egyptian folk medicine for treatment of diabetes mellitus. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible antihyperglycemic property of Cleome droserifolia extract [CDE] and its antioxidant mechanism in alloxan induced diabetic rats. This study was performed on thirty male albino rats of Sprague Dawely strain with an average body weight of 100-110g. Animals were divided into three groups [ten/cage], control untreated group, diabetic group and diabetic group treated with plant extract that was given orally [28.5 mg/kg body wt. twice/ day]. Results showed marked decline in levels of serum insulin, body weight, total proteins, albumin, globulin and high density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL]. These are accompanied with marked elevation in levels of fasting blood glucose, HOMA-IR, AST, ALT, GGT, urea, creatinine, uric acid, serum total lipids [TL], total cholesterol [TC], triacylglycerols [TG], low density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL], very low density lipoprotein cholesterol [VLDL] and ratios of TC/HDL and LDL/HDL [risk factors] in diabetic rats as compared to the corresponding controls. While the daily administration of diabetic rats with CDE showed significant amelioration in most of these parameters. It could be concluded that CDE treatment exerts a therapeutic protective nature in diabetes by decreasing oxidative stress and pancreatic beta-cells' damage which may be attributed to its antioxidative potential and antidiabetic property

Anti-diabetic effect of Artemisia annua [kaysom] in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

Diabetes is the most common endocrine disorder affecting millions of people worldwide. Nowadays, herbal drugs are gaining popularity in the treatment of diabetes and its complications. The current study was aimed at evaluating the significance of supplementation of Artemisia annua [Kaysom] extract in reducing the metabolic abnormalities accompanied with alloxan-induced diabetes in male albino rats. Thirty male albino rats were divided equally into three groups including control, diabetic and diabetic treated with Kaysom extract. A single dose of alloxan [120 mg/kg body weight] was used to induce diabetes in rats. Diabetic rats were administered Kaysom extract orally twice daily for 30 days. At the end of the experimental period, level of serum fasting insulin and glucose in addition to serum lipids profile such as total cholesterol [TC], triglycerides [TG], high density lipoproteins [HDL], low density lipoproteins [LDL], and very low density lipoproteins[VLDL]; serum proteins including total proteins, albumin and globulin; renal markers [creatinine, urea and uric acid] and activity of certain enzymes such as aspartate aminotransferase [ASAT], alanine aminotransferase [ALAT] and gamma-glutamyltransferase [GGT] was determined for all groups. In. addition, estimation of% change of body weight, values of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR] and ratios of albumin:globulin [A:G], TC/HDL, LDL/HDL [risk ratios 1 and2] were calculated for each group. Diabetic rats showed a marked decline [p<0.01] in the level of; serum insulin, body weight [4.98%], total proteins, albumin, globulin and HDL accompanied with marked elevation [p<0.01] in level of; fasting blood glucose, HOMA_IR, ASAT, ALAT, GGT, urea, creatinine, uric acid, serum TC, TG, LDL, VLDL and ratios of TC/HDL and LDL/HDL [risk factors] as compared to the corresponding of controls. Supplementation of diabetic rats with Kaysom extract significantly ameliorated most of the estimated biochemical parameters. These results demonstrate that Kaysom extract may be of advantage in inhibiting hyperglycemia and ameliorating metabolic abnormalities induced by diabetes