Résumé
Objective: To evaluate the protective effect of the coconut oil nanoemulsion against methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma-bearing Swiss albino mice. Methods: Forty mice were divided into four groups. Group Ⅰ served as the untreated Ehrlich ascites carcinoma-bearing mice while Ehrlich ascites carcinoma-bearing mice in groups Ⅱ–Ⅳ received an intraperitoneal injection of 0.2 mL/kg coconut oil nanoemulsion, 20 mg/kg methotrexate as well as 0.2 mL/kg coconut oil nanoemulsion mixed with 20 mg/kg methotrexate, respectively. The toxicities of the treatments were assessed by determining the complete blood count, performing the serum analysis for liver and kidney functions, evaluating the oxidative status and visualizing histological changes in the liver and kidney tissues. Results: Treatment with methotrexate and coconut oil nanoemulsion markedly diminished the liver parameters including aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, direct bilirubin and total bilirubin which were raised by methotrexate treatment (P < 0.05). Similarly, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, as the indicators of kidney function, were dramatically lowered in the combination treatment group compared to the methotrexate group (P < 0.05). In addition, treatment with methotrexate and coconut oil nanoemulsion reduced the malondialdehyde and increased catalase, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase, in the liver and kidney tissues (P < 0.05). The treatment with methotrexate and coconut oil nanoemulsion reduced white blood cell count and increased the hemoglobin amount (P < 0.05), but did not cause any change in platelets and red blood cell count. Conclusions: Coconut oil nanoemulsion as a nanocarrier has great potential in reducing the adverse side effects induced by methotrexate.
Résumé
Background: Latest studies have shown effective clinical outcomes after arthroscopic Bankart repair [ABR] but have shown some risk factors for re-dislocation after surgery. We assessed whether patients are at a risk for re-dislocation during the first year after ABR, examined the recurrence rate after ABR, and sought to recognize new risk factors
Materials and Methods: We performed ABR utilizing bioabsorbable suture anchors in 51 consecutive shoulders [50 patients] with traumatic anterior shoulder instability. Average patient age was 26.5 [range, 15-40] years. We assessed re-dislocation after ABR using patient telephone interviews [follow-up rate, 100%] and correlated re-dislocation with several risk factors
Results: Re-dislocation after ABR occurred in five shoulders [9.8%], of which 4 sustained re-injuries within the first year with the arm elevated at 90° and externally rotated at 90°. Of the remaining 46 shoulders without re-dislocation, 4 had re-injury under the same conditions within the first year. Consequently, re-injury within the first year was a risk for re-dislocation after ABR [P < 0.001, chi-squared test]. Using multivariate analysis, large Hill-Sachs lesions [odds ratio, 6.75; 95% CI, 1.35-64.5] and <4 suture anchors [odds ratio, 9.45; 95% CI, 1.88-72.5] were significant risk factors for re-dislocation after ABR
Conclusion: The recurrence rate after ABR was not associated with the time elapsed and that repair strategies should augment the large humeral bone defect and use >3 anchors during ABR