Methodological aspects of REM sleep- deprivation and stereological protocols in the brain-stem respiratory nuclei

Sleep deprivation [SD] is known to result in a range of neurological, cognitive and physical consequences in chronically-afflicted subjects. The respiratory nuclei of brain-stem tend to play a pivotal part in the regulating sleep function, hence hypothesized to be affected in various types of sleep-related dysfunctions. The purpose of this methodological report is to explain the techniques of REM sleep deprivation and stereology which can be used to consider changes of the quantitative properties of the respiratory nuclei in sleep-deprived rats

[ use of atrifel sagir and its components in obesity]

Itrifal -Saghir or Triphala [tri = three and phala = fruits] is one of the oldest and commonly used polyherbal preparation. It is a botanical preparation include equal parts of three herbal fruits: Phyllanthus emblica., Terminalia chebula Retz and Terminalia belerica Retz. This study focuses on the indiations and components of Atrifel Sagir in obesity. Research resources include important traditional medicine book such as Al-Qanoon Fel Teb, Kolasetol hekma, Makzan al adviyeh and databases such as Google Scholar, Pub Med, Web of Science, SID and Iran Medex. Search terms were "Triphala", "Atrifal -Saghir", "Itrifal -Saghir" and "obesity" without narrowing or limiting search elements, with any outcome in humans and animals. There are a variety of indications for Atrifal - Saghir as described in Al-Qanoon Fel Teb such as purifies stomach enabling it for better coction. It is good for expels the phlegm. Its oral intake is useful for treating cases melancholy and anti-obesity. It strengthens the stomach by improving its capacity of coction assimilation and in improving relaxity and moistness of the stomach