unexpected complication of bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy: arteriovenous fistula

To report a case of arteriovenous fistula [AVF] following bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy. Clinical Presentation and Intervention: A 76-year-old man was diagnosed with acute myeloblastic leukemia. Pain and hematoma were detected in his left leg and hip 4 days after bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy. A pelvic arteriography was performed, and a diagnosis of AVF was made. This case shows that clinicians should be aware of AVF, especially in cases with refractory bleeding after bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy despite normal blood coagulation parameters