RÉSUMÉ
Background: This study aimed to assess the sleep quality of family medicine physicians before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and to explore the associations between sleep quality and various demographic and health-related factors. Methods: A total of 109 family medicine physicians participated in this cross-sectional study. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) was utilized to evaluate sleep quality, encompassing seven components: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, use of sleep medication, and daytime dysfunction. Data were collected asking questions regarding both before and during the pandemic period. Descriptive statistics, paired-sample t-tests, and Chi-square tests were used for data analysis. Results: The study revealed significant changes in sleep quality components before and during the pandemic. While sleep latency and sleep duration improved, sleep disturbance, use of sleep medication, and daytime dysfunction worsened during the pandemic. The overall global PSQI score indicated a decline in sleep quality during the pandemic. Females reported poorer sleep quality than males. Participants with general anxiety disorder, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension experienced worse sleep quality. Other demographic and health-related factors exhibited mixed associations with sleep quality. Conclusions: The study highlights the nuanced impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the sleep quality of family medicine physicians. The observed changes in sleep quality components and their associations with various factors underscore the need for tailored interventions to address sleep disturbances among healthcare professionals. These findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of sleep quality dynamics in the context of a global crisis and emphasize the significance of promoting well-being among healthcare providers for enhanced patient care.
RÉSUMÉ
Dental implant placement for functional rehabilitation after oral cancer surgery could be done either before or after radiation therapy (RT). In both of the above scenarios, radiation exposure could affect implant osseointegration and survival. The present review aimed to evaluate the effect of post-implantation RT on osseointegration of dental implants placed in patients treated for oral cancer. A literature search was conducted to identify studies published in English between 2001 and November 2023. Articles reporting about the success of dental implant osseointegration after post-implantation radiotherapy were selected. Data about overall success of osseointegration and with respect to the anatomic site (maxilla, mandible or grafted bone), radiation dose and time-interval between implant placement and radiation exposure were collected and analyzed. Out of 189 articles identified through literature search, 12 studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria were systematically reviewed. In 403 patients, 1333 dental implants were placed prior to RT, out of which 1223 successfully osseointegrated (91.75%). The implant osseointegration rates in maxilla, mandible and grafted bone were 92.06% (255/277), 95.14% (313/329) and 80% (60/75), respectively. There was no relationship between radiation dose or time-interval and success of implant osseointegration. Based on the present review, it may be concluded that dental implants placed at least 1.5-3 months prior to RT, would successfully osseointegrate without major complications. The native maxilla and mandible are a favored choice for implant placement before radiotherapy, than grafted bone.
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In the field of endodontic therapies, the use of antibiotics, especially in the form of root canal medications, plays a pivotal role in ensuring successful treatment outcomes. This review examines the role of triple antibiotic paste (TAP) in such therapies, delving into its composition, application, and effects on endodontic infections. TAP, a combination of metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, and minocycline, targets the diverse microbial flora in odontogenic infections. Its local application within the root canal space proves more effective than systemic administration, significantly reducing microbial count and aiding in tissue regeneration and disinfection. However, the use of TAP is not without challenges, as it can cause tooth discoloration, particularly due to minocycline, and raise concerns about antibiotic resistance and long-term biocompatibility. This study, conducted through a comprehensive literature search, evaluates the efficacy of TAP, its impact on tooth structure, and its role in maintaining the vitality of diseased pulp. The findings highlight TAP’s significant role in endodontic treatments, emphasizing its benefits in achieving therapeutic goals while acknowledging the need for careful consideration of its drawbacks.
RÉSUMÉ
It might be difficult to diagnose pigmented lesions of the mouth and perioral regions. Although several lesions may be correctly identified on the basis of clinical findings alone and while epidemiology may be helpful in guiding the clinician, the histological examination is typically necessary for the final diagnosis. Oral hyperpigmentation may present exogenously/ endogenously; pathologically/physiologically. The differential diagnosis depends on factors like medication usage, familial history in addition to the position, spread, and length as well as hue and pattern variations. Physiological pigmentation, melanotic macule, melanocytic nevus, smoker's melanosis, oral melanoacanthoma, pigmentation caused by foreign matter or medicines, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, Addison's disease, and oral melanoma are examples of dark or black pigmented discolorations that can be unifocal, multifocal, or dispersed macular lesions.