Schmidt's Syndrome

Schmidt's syndrome is a rare disease which is a one of the types of autoimmune polyglandular autoimmune syndrome. In these polyglandular autoimmune syndrome autoimmunity with auto-antibodies directed against different endocrine organs suggest in the pathogenesis of the disease. In addition there is role of genetic and familial predisposition of the disease. Autoimmune thyroid disease in combination with Addison disease is the most common presentation. In addition Diabetes mellitus Hyperparathyroidism, Pernicious Anemia, Hypogonadism, Vitiligo, Chronic atrophic gastritis, Chronic autoimmune hepatitis, Alopecia, Myasthenia gravis, Rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome and Thrombocytic purpura may or may not be present. So in patients suffering from one endocrine hormone deficiency should be thoroughly looked for the deficiency of other hormones. We present a case of 23 year old man who present with symptoms of gastritis and was refractory to treatment and on further evaluation was diagnosed as a case of Schmidt syndrome

Gender discrimination among medical students in Pakistan: a cross sectional survey

Objective: To examine the prevalence and magnitude of gender discrimination experienced by undergraduate medical students, and its repercussions on their academic performance and emotional health

Methodology: A cross sectional study of 500 medical and dental students studying at a private medical college in Lahore, Pakistan

Results: Majority [78%] of students reported being victims of gender discrimination. Females were the main perpetrators [70.8%]. Most common forms were denied opportunities [63%], followed by neglecting students' needs [44.3%], and unethical talk [43.6%]. Most common places of gender discrimination were teachers' offices [43.7%] and lecture halls [37.2%]. Most of the perpetrators were clerical staff [48%] and professors [43%]. Gender discrimination did not affect the academic performance of most victims [62.6%]. The most common emotional responses were anger [57.6%], frustration [46.7%] and helplessness [40.3%]. 52.4% of students said that gender discrimination still continues and the majority [83.3%] did not report the problem to college authorities

Conclusions: Results demonstrate that gender discrimination is widely prevalent in undergraduate medical education. Females are both the main victims as well as the main perpetrators. In most cases gender discrimination does not affect academic performance but does cause emotional distress