Brain abscess due to cladophialophora bantiana.

Cladophialophora bantiana (Xylohypha bantiana) is a dematiaceous fungus with distinct neurotropism. CNS phaeohyphomycosis due to C. bantiana is an uncommon infectious condition and is associated with high mortality. We report this rare clinical entity in a 22-year-old male, presenting as brain abscess. Etiological diagnosis was made based on fungal culture and histopathological examination. Complete surgical resection of the lesion and treatment with antifungal agents could not save the patient from this frequently fatal infection.

Effect of posture on heart rate and cardiac axis of mice.

Effect of change in body posture on cardiac electrical axis has not been well documented. Hence the present work was undertaken to study the effect of passive head-up and head-down postures on ventricular QRS axis and heart rate of anesthetised mice. During head-up posture, there was a statistically significant (P less than 0.02) increase in heart rate whereas during head-down posture, the heart rate decreased insignificantly. These changes in heart rate can be explained on the basis of synus and aortic nerve mediated baroreceptor reflexes. Ventricular QRS axis showed a significant increase (P less than 0.02) during head-up posture and an insignificant decrease during head-down posture. A change in the posture is likely to produce a change in anatomical orientation of heart within the thorax resulting in alteration of electrical axis of the heart.