Résumé
Introduction: There are many different types of primary immunodeficiency syndromes, with an overall prevalence of one in every 2,000 children in the United States. These syndromes are broadly classified as B-cell, T-cell, phagocytic, complement, or combined immunodeficiency disorders, mainly affecting children from a very young age
Methodology: We conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE from January 1987 to March 2017. The following search terms were used: immunodeficiency syndromes, B-cell disorder, T-cell disorder, complement disorder, phagocytic diseases, diagnosis of primary immunodeficiency, newborn screening
Aim of the work: In this study we aimed to understand the various common types of primary immunodeficiency syndromes, and also study their diagnosis and screening methods
Conclusion: Early diagnosis with the help of newborn screening and data recording can help in reducing significant mortality and morbidity of children born with such disorders. Primary health care providers and pediatricians must keep a high degree of suspicion as many times the presentation can be subtle
Résumé
Background: Dysphagia is a common symptom in Parkinson's disease [PD] which indicates a difficulty in swallowing. It has been accompanied with poor quality of life [QoL], anxiety and depression
Aim of the Study: to assess the effects of dysphagia treatment in Parkinson's disease
Materials and methods: Studies published up to July 2017 were found via a systematic comprehensive electronic database search using PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library.Two reviewers independently assessed the studies using strict inclusion criteria
Results: Thirteen studies were enrolled in the present study and qualitatively analyzed using critical appraisal items. The review includes rehabilitative [exercises, electrical stimulation, bolus modification etc.] and pharmacologic treatment. Some well-designed controlled trials were included. However, none of the included studies fulfilled all criteria for external and internal validity. Thus, a meta-analysis was not carried out as most of the studies were not of sufficient quality
Conclusion: Rehabilitative treatment including Expiratory Muscle Strength Training [EMST] may be effective for dysphagia treatment solely coupled with dopaminergic therapy for PD. Recently developed other treatment methods such as implant-prosthodontic treatment and percutaneous injection of botulinum neurotoxin type A in the cricopharyngeal muscle on dysphagia is rather promising. Nevertheless, these preliminary results warrant further investigation concerning their clinical applicability, and further research should be conducted