Incidence rate of ovarian cancer in Iran in comparison with developed countries.

Background: Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies. The present study was designed to compare age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) of ovarian cancer in Iran with that in Australia and some other developed countries. Materials and Methods: Data from the Cancer Registry Program of Iran, as a base, were compared with the cancer registry reports of surveillance, epidemiology and end results program in the USA, considering the population of the USA in the year 2000 as the standard population. Results: In all the age groups, ASR of ovarian cancer was much lower in Iran. Overall rates of ovarian cancer in Iran and the USA were 3.9 and 16.2 per 100,000, respectively. Conclusion: Age-standardized ovarian cancer rate in Iran was much lower in comparison with high incidence areas in the world. Encouraging oral contraceptive use and reduction in fat intake may be effective in decreasing the rate of ovarian cancer or keeping its rate constant in Iran.

[Effect of stress on manager's performance in different wards of hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences]

Today people who work in organizations are facing with some stressful factors. Some of this stress is not important and can be cured easily, but some of it is very important and dangerous that cannot be cured easily. This kind of stress can have a great influence on organization performance. So coping with job and organizational stress leads to saving workers' time, power and energy and can improve productivity and organizational performance immediately. This is a descriptive - analytical study conducted to assess the effect of stress on managers' performance in different wards of hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected by a questionnaire including 26 questions designed according to Likert scale. The sample consisted of 220 subjects each being a manager in different wards of hospitals more than one year. The statistical SPSS software and appropriate statistical tests were used for data analysis. In this study, 68.2% of the samples were female; 72.8% were married; 47.7% had a job record between 10 - 20 years; 40.6% were head nurses; 51.8% worked in general hospitals and 93.4% of managers had severe stress in the past 2 years with working environment being most stressful for them. The findings indicated that having high duty and expectations of top managers were the factors causing most stress in managers. Result also indicated that stress had negative impact on managers ability to make decision effectively at work. The relationship between job record and the effect of stress on performance was reverse and significant [P= 0.01], [r= 0.17]