Association of postmenopausal bleeding with endometrial cancer

Background: Uterine cancer, also clinically referred to as endometrial cancer, stands out as the most prevalent cancer within the reproductive system of women. Notably, approximately 80% of women experiencing postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) with an endometrial thickness of ?4 mm exhibit localized pathological lesions in the uterine cavity. This study aimed to assess the association of PMB with endometrial cancer.Methods: This prospective study was conducted at the department of obstetrics and gynecology, delta medical college and hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2018 to June 2019. The study comprised 1000 patients selected through purposive sampling, adhering to specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Microsoft office tools were employed for data processing and analysis. The analytical approach employed was descriptive in nature.Results: The study revealed that the highest percentage of patients (20.20%) exhibited abnormal endometrial hyperplasia, followed by carcinoma cervix (19.2%) and endometrial cancer (16.7%). Additionally, a significant portion of the participants, constituting 40.30%, had co-existing hypertension, while 38.1% had diabetes mellitus, and 34.0% had dyslipidemia. Notably, 65.9% of patients diagnosed with endometrial carcinoma displayed an endometrial thickness exceeding 4 mm.Conclusions: PMB is not statistically significant for endometrial cancer, but prompt evaluation is essential to exclude malignancy. Transvaginal ultrasonography (TVUS) is a reasonable first-line approach, and invasive sampling is recommended when the endometrial thickness exceeds 4 mm.

Clinicopathological analysis of ovarian neoplasm

Background: Ovarian neoplasm is a type of cancer caused by uncontrolled growth and division of cells within the ovary. It is a common type of gynecological cancer that affects a wide range of ages and can have various clinical, morphological, and histological features. This study aimed to examine the relationship between clinical presentation and histological pattern of ovarian neoplasm.Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted among 45 patients admitted to department of gynecology at Shaheed Suhrawardy medical college and hospital with features of ovarian neoplasm from February 2013 to February 2014. Results: The 82.3% of cases were benign tumors, 15.5% were malignant tumors, and 2.2% were borderline tumors. Benign tumors were more common in the 3rd decade, while malignant tumors were more common in the 4th to 6th decade. Symptoms of benign tumors included abdominal lumps and pain, while malignant tumors presented with abdominal pain, GIT-related symptoms, and ascites in some cases. The most common type of tumor was surface epithelial (84.5%), followed by germ cell (13.3%) and sex cord-stromal (2.2%) tumors.Conclusions: The study highlights the importance of recognizing the different clinical presentations of benign and malignant ovarian neoplasm.