Treatment of mycosis fungoides with total skin electron beam therapy using modified stanford technique

A retrospective review of three patients with mycosis fungoides treated with total skin electron beam therapy, from the year 2007 to 2009, at the Oncology department, Ziauddin University Hospital

Comparative study on neem leaf extract and nimolicin [NC] on gastric mucosa of albino rats

Compare the anti ulcer effect of Methanolic Neem [Azadirachta indica, A Juss, Meliaceae] Leaf Extract [NLE] and Neem compound Nimolicin on gastric mucosa of albino rats. Azadiradione also called Nimolicine coded as NC has been studied for its anti insect effect but anti ulcer effect has never been studied. Experimental study. This study was carried out at the Pharmacy and Physiology Department of Baqai Medical College for duration of two years. Gastric ulcers in albino rats were induced in group-1 [check group] by a single oral dose of 1 ml 100% ethanol. After 24 hours the treatment was started. Group-2 was treated with oral administration of pea nut oil 1 ml/day for 5 days [control of the treated group]. Group-3 was treated with NLE [1 ml/day for 5 days] and Group-4 with NC 1% [1 ml/day for 5 days]. The healing effects of neem were compared to oral administration of anti ulcer drugs ranitidine [50mg/kg daily for 5 days] and omeperazole [2.5 mg/kg daily for 10 days]. Histopathology of the stomach was performed to confirm the presence or healing of ulcers. Ulcers were scored and indexed on the basis of histopathology. Ranitidine had the highest ulcer inhibition of 84%. NLE proved to be better than omeperazole by showing an ulcer inhibition of 82 % compared to 73% ulcer inhibition of omeperazole. NC showed least anti ulcer activity with an ulcer inhibition of only 69%. HPLC was performed to show the tissue concentration of NC, omeparazole and ranitidine showing their retention time, area and concentration compared to their controls. It is concluded that NLE proved to be better anti ulcer agent as compared to NC and can be used as an anti ulcer drug after clinical trials

Distribution of ABO blood group in peptic ulcer patients in the ethnic population of Balochistan

To find relationship between ABO blood group and peptic ulcer [PU] in the ethnic population of Balochistan. An observational and prospective study. The study was carried at Bolan Medical College Complex Hospital Quetta for a period of one year. 60 peptic ulcer patients confirmed with video endoscope were included. ABO blood group was determined by slide test method. Out of 60 PU patients 54 were males and 6 females. 18 had blood group O, 24 had group B, 11 had AB and 7 had A blood group. 90% were Rhesus positive. O group was dominant [38.46%] in peptic ulcer patients with antral lesion. In patients having duodenal lesion, B group was prevalent [45.83%] Males were predominant sufferers [75%]. The poor and middle class patients were equally affected. The ethnic group Pathan were more affected [36.67%] compared to Baloch and Hazara. Antral lesions are dominant in O blood group peptic ulcer patients whereas duodenal lesion is common in blood group B. There is a high prevalence in Pathan males. Duodenal lesion is more prevalent compared to antral lesion

effect of abietic acid [cedrus deodara compound] on the histopathology of rat stomach in comparison with ulcer healing drugs

The aim of this study is to observe the anti-ulcer effects of Abietic acid [a compound of Cedrus deodara] on the histopathology of rat's stomach in comparison with standard anti-ulcer drugs such as Femotidine [H2 receptor blocker] and Protonix [a proton pump inhibitor]. Experimental study. This study was conducted in the department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Karachi. This study was carried out on 50 albino rats of Wistar Strain for experimental purpose. The animals were divided into five groups and each group comprised of 10 rats [i.e. 5 male and 5 female]. The experimental procedure was repeated for three times. The compound of abietic acid was provided by the chemistry department of Karachi University. The ulcer was induced in the animals by giving 1ml of 100% ethanol after 48 hrs of fasting. The induction of ulcer in animal was then treated with abietic acid [25 mg/kg for 2 weeks] orally through feeding tube. The ulcer healing effects of this compound were then compared with the effect of known anti-ulcer drugs. Abietic acid used in this study showed the healing effects on the mucosal epithelium of stomach, decreased inflammatory cells and formation of granulation tissues on the sub mucosal layer during histopathological examination. It is thus concluded that abietic acid has an anti-ulcerative effects when given in the required dose and may be adapted in the management of gastrointestinal disorders particularly in peptic ulcer

Long-term survivor of brain metastases from malignant melanoma

Malignant melanoma is notorious for distant metastases. Median survival for stage IV melanoma is 6-10 months and 5 year survival is less than 5%. Median survival for melanoma with brain metastases is even lower i.e. 2 to 9 months. Here a case is reported who was treated for melanoma of sole of left foot with ipsilateral inguinal adenopathy and brain metastases in 2001 and is still surviving disease-free after a lapse of 8 years

Correlation of perfusion and contractility of left ventricle myocardium on gated myocardial perfusion scintigraphy

Gated Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography [SPECT] is a modality which is helpful in the detection of wall motion, thickening and ejection fraction of left ventricle. The purpose of this study was to correlate the ungated and gated SPECT in evaluation of left ventricle dysfunction. It was a prospective study done at Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine [IRNUM], Peshawar, in 2001/02. 76 patients [47 male and 29 female] with an average age of 52 +/- 11 years were inducted in this study. All patients underwent two days stress-rest Tc-99m MIBI [Methoxy Isobutyl Isonitrile] gated SPECT scan where 1110 MBq [30 mCi] was injected intravenously. Eight frames gating technique [variable fixed temporal resolution] of ECG was used to gate the cardiac cycle and whole acquisition was completed in 30 minutes. This technique very well evaluated the perfusion as well as wall motion/thickening [W/M/T] status of left ventricle. Out of 76 scans, 30% were normal, 22% transmural infarct, 25% partial thickness infarct, and 22% reversible ischemia. By doing the 20 segmental analyses, total 1520 segments were analyzed that

evealed good concordance of perfusion with W/M/T in 78% of segments while 22% segments showed poor concordance. Out of these 22%, 12% were having more wall motion abnormalities than that of perfusion, while in 10%, it was vise versa. Results of this study shows good correlation between gated and ungated SPECT for evaluation of left ventricle dysfunction [r = 0.73, p

Relationship between peptic ulcer, abo blood group, smoking, age and sex of patients

To find relationship between peptic ulcer [PU], ABO blood group, smoking, age and sex of patients. An observational and prospective study was made. The study was carried at Bolan Medical College Complex Hospital Quetta from March 2001 to November 2002. 100 peptic ulcer patients confirmed with video endoscope were included. ABO blood group was determined by slide test method. Age, sex and smoking status were also recorded. Out of 100 PU patients 90 were males, 36 had blood group 0, 27 had group B. Amongst 10 females, 7 had group 0 and 2 had B group. Smokers having PU were 62, group 0 was dominant [n=28] followed by group B [n=17]. In 38 non-smokers, group 0=15 and group B=12. At 25-35 years of age, PU was found in 38 cases with blood group 0=23, B=7, A=5, AB=3. Blood group 0 is common in peptic ulcer that is higher in males, smokers and at young age group

Frequency distribution of ABO and rhesus blood groups in population of Balochistan

The aim of the study was to determine frequency distribution of ABO and Rhesus [Rh] blood groups and to compare the results with European, Asiam and some cities in Pakistan. The study was carried out in 2000 blood samples from both sexes in the population of Balochistan at Quetta. Agglutination of red cells by A,B and D antibodies was carried with slide method. The blood group 0 was 35%, group B 31.7%, group A 23.2% where as group AB was found to be 10.1%. Rhesus positive was 94.75% while Rh negative was 5.25%. The incidence and prevalence of ABO and Rh blood groups were found quite different from other countries around the world and few cities in Pakistan

Diving reflex bradycardia in man; effect of different temperatures

62 male subjects from Karachi were selected and divided in four groups according to four levels of water temperature at 10°C, 20°C, 30°C and 40°C. Subjects were asked for face immersion, with breath holding for 30 seconds, and resulted in reflex bradycardia, the effect was maximum at 10°C, while at 40°C, the bradycardia was less pronounced. It is understood that bradycardia was not produced by asphyxia, as breath holding was only for 30 seconds. It is suggested that cold receptors in face were the triggering factor for reflex bradycardia. Prolongation of QT interval in ECG records in experimental groups, indicated that cardiac aspect of diving reflex was governed by vagus and withdrawal of cardiac sympathetic tone