Pleuropulmonary blastoma in children: a case report

Pleuropulmonary Blastoma [PPB] is a very rare, highly aggressive and malignant tumor that originates from either the lungs or pleura. It occurs mainly in children aged less than five or six years. It has poor prognosis with three different subtypes: cystic [type I], combined cystic and solid [type II] and solid [type III]. PPB is treated with aggressive multimodal therapies including surgery and chemotherapy. We present a case of 3.5 years old boy with PPB type II successfully treated with complete surgical resection followed by neoadjuvant chemotherapy

Hydroxyurea can reduce or eliminate transfusion requirements in children with major and intermediate thalassemia

Hydroxyurea [HU] is a well known chemotherapeutic agent that has been used largely for various myeloproliferative diseases over the past 20 years. In beta-thalassemia, the effect of HU is much less clear and remains controversial. This study was undertaken to describe the hematologic and clinical responses of thalassemia major and intermediate patients to HU treatment during 2 years. Seventy one major and twenty transfusion-dependent intermediate thalassemia participants were selected among 150 beta-thalassemia patients. All patients underwent laboratory tests, and the state of energy, social activity, tolerance, and mood were recorded in the beginning of the study. Echocardiography was carried out before and during treatment with HU. All patients were treated with HU; the initial dose was 10-15mg/kg/day given once a day. All the patients tolerated HU well and showed a dramatic response to the drug. Nine of 20 intermediate and 8 of 71 major patients became completely transfusion free. In 6 intermediate and 15 major patients, transfusion interval prolonged more than 50%. After treatment, 95% of intermediate and 81% of major patients described an increase in social activity. HU therapy was also associated with a marked decrease in serum ferritin level in major thalassemia patients. HU may be administered in thalassemia major and intermediate patients to minimize or obviate the need for regular transfusion and concomitant iron overload. HU therapy appears to be safe and effective when administrated in thalassemia patients