[Evaluation of the horizontal components ground reaction force during gait of children with flat foot]

The purpose of this study was to investigate the horizontal components of the ground reaction force with subjects' flat foot and to compare these changes with subjects with normal foot. Fifteen subjects were randomly selected from 86 children with flexible flat foot, with a mean age [10.40 +/- 1.12], height [124.60 +/- 8.76] and weight [24.10 +/- 6.70]. 15 subjects were randomly selected to the control group from the population with normal feet that were homogeneous with group flat foot of the height, age and weight. Flat-arched feet were determined by the navicular drop test with Brody method, and 1000Hz KISTLER force plate were used to measure horizontal components of ground reaction force at heel strike [Initial heel contact], transfer weight onto the heel [Loading response], touch the foot of land [Mid stance] and transfer weight onto the toes [Terminal stance] during the Stance phase. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 21 software and independent t-test was used [p< 0.05]. There was a significant difference in the initial heel contact between flat foot and a normal foot. However, no significant difference was noted between the two groups at loading response, mid stance and terminal stance. According to the present research findings, it may be concluded that there are differences between children with flat foot and normal foot in the direction and amount of force at the time of heel strike or initial heel contact

Primary IgA nephropathy in children: association of clinical and pathological findings with prognosis.

Primary IgA nephropathy is a disease characterized by recurrent macroscopic or microscopic hematuria and diffuse mesangial IgA deposition. Although IgA nephropathy had previously been suggested to have a benign prognosis, long term follow-up of the patients revealed that it might lead to chronic renal failure. In this study, the association of the initial clinical and laboratory findings with the renal histological changes was evaluated in 14 cases with primary IgA nephropathy who were at follow-up with a mean duration of 43.07 +/- 16.88 months. Finally the correlation between the clinicopathological findings and prognosis was investigated. In 92.8% of the patients, macroscopic hematuria was the presenting complaint. Proteinuria was detected in 42.9% of the cases mild proteinuria in 14.3% and moderate in 28.6%. Renal biopsy specimens, evaluated according to Churg-Sobin's classification, showed grade 1 changes in 35.7% cases, grade 2 in 35.7%, grade 3 in 14.3% and grade 4 in 14.3%. Both the patients with grade 4 histology had moderate proteinuria, and developed chronic renal failure requiring hemodialysis. Prognosis was found to be associated with the degree of proteinuria and the severity of the histopathological findings.

Prevalencia de litiasis vesicular en una poblacion uruguaya / Prevalence of gallbladder lithiasis in a Uruguayan population

Con el objetivo de conocer la prevalencia de L.V. en Uruguay, la proporción de sintomáticos y asintomáticos y su asociación a determinados factores de riesgo, se realizaron ecografías a 693 funcionarios del Hospital de Clínicas de Montevideo que concurrieron voluntariamente, previo llenado de un formulario. La prevalencia encontrada fue de 10,4%, de acuerdo al tamaño de la nuestra, extrapolable a la población general con una confianza del 99%. 65% de los portadores de L.V. fueron asintomáticos. Se encontró una asociación estadísticamente significativa con los siguientes factores: grupo etáreo de 31 a 50 años, obesidad leve y AP de tener hijos en caso de mujeres portadoras de la enfermedad. No fue estadísticamente significativo, pero si se comprobó una clara tendencia con los siguientes factores: sexo femenino y AF de madre portadora de L.V. Al considerar todos estos factores en conjunto, la probabilidad de tener una L.V. llegó al 19%. Se discuten los resultados y se comparan con los de publicaciones extranjeras. Se concluye que podía esbozarse un perfil del uruguayo con mayores posibilidades de tener una L.V.: mujer, entre 31 y 50 años, obesa, con hijos y cuya madre tuvo o tiene la misma enfermedad