Physiological Quality of Badea Seeds (Passiflora quadrangularis L.) with and Without Storingon Different Substrates

Badea is known for the size and shape of the fruit, or as giant passion fruit. The propagation of passifloraceas is mainly done by means of seeds. Seed conservation is one of the main steps in seedling production that makes it possible to guarantee the maximum quality of theseed for a given period oftime and can be done through refrigeration.The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Tocantins, city of Gurupi/TO, from March 17 to August 10, 2020. After fruit harvesting, pulping was performed using running water and light friction in the nylon sieve with sand to facilitate the separation of the seed and pulp. Then the seeds were placed on a paper towel for 24hours, partly storedin the refrigerator for 10 days, and another part is sownimmediately. The seeds of passion fruit melon, without storage, sowed in the commercial substrate, showed greater viability and vigor.

Assessment of surface temperatures of buffalo bulls (Bubalus bubalis) raised under tropical conditions using infrared thermography / Avaliação de temperaturas superficiais de touros bubalinos (Bubalus bubalis) criados em ambiente tropical com uso da termografia infravermelha

This paper aimed to evaluate the surface temperatures of buffalo bulls using infrared thermography, considering four distinct anatomical parts over time, and to correlate surface temperatures and thermal comfort indexes. The humid tropical climate (Kõppen's Afi) was predominant in the research station where the experiment was performed and the trial lasted from April to August. Ten bulls (n=10) were evaluated every 25 days (morning: 6:00-9:00; afternoon: 12:00-15:00) and the parameters assessed were respiratory rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT), and the thermograms of surface temperature for orbital area (ORB), right flank (RF), left flank (LF) and scrotum (SCR). Climatological data was continuously monitored and the Temperature and Humidity Index (THI) and the Index of Comfort of Benezra (ICB) were calculated. The average values of THI were ≥78, and significant differences between shifts were observed (P<0.05). The ICB ranged from 1.96 to 2.25 and significant differences were observed for shifts and throughout the months (P<0.05). The averages of surface temperatures were RT=38.2±0.5°C, ORB=36.1±0.8°C, LF=33.5±2.5°C, RF=35.4±1.7ºC and SCR=33.3±1.1°C, which exhibited significant differences for shifts and throughout the months (P<0.05). Positive correlations were obtained between THI and ORB (0.72), RF (0.77), LF (0.75) and SCR (0.41) (P<0.0001). The maximum temperature of ORB showed the highest correlation with RT (0.58, P<0.0001). Therefore, the surface temperatures are subject to climatic variations and increase throughout the day, due to the variation in thermal comfort indexes, and the maximum ORB temperature was the parameter most related to rectal temperature. Lastly, the results indicate that IRT may be a useful non-invasive and accurate tool to detect the variations in ORB, LF, RF and SCR temperature in buffalo bulls.

O presente trabalho visou avaliar as temperaturas superficiais de diferentes regiões anatômicas de búfalos ao longo do tempo, por meio da termografia infravermelha, e correlacioná-las a índices bioclimatológicos de conforto térmico. O ensaio foi realizado em região de clima tropical úmido (Afi de Kõppen), de abril a agosto. Dez touros (n=10) foram avaliados a cada 25 dias (manhã: seis-nove horas; tarde: 12-15h), quanto à frequência respiratória (FR), temperatura retal (TR) e imagens termográficas da órbita ocular (ORB), flanco direito (FLd), flanco esquerdo (FLe) e escroto (ESC). Os dados climatológicos foram ininterruptamente monitorados, e calculados o índice de temperatura e umidade (ITU) e o índice de conforto de Benezra (ICB). O ITU foi ≥78, com diferença entre turnos (P<0,05). Já o ICB variou de 1,96 a 2,25 e apresentou diferenças ao longo dos meses e entre turnos (P<0,05). As temperaturas observadas foram de TR=38,2±0,5ºC, ORB=36,1±0,8ºC, FLd=33,5±2,5ºC, FLe=35,4±1,7ºC e ESC=33,3±1,1ºC, as quais variaram significativamente ao longo dos meses e entre turnos (P<0,05). O ITU apresentou correlações positivas com ORB (0,72), FLd (0,77), FLe (0,75) e ESC (0,41) (P<0,0001). A temperatura máxima de ORB apresentou a maior correlação com a TR (0,58; P<0,0001). Portanto, as temperaturas superficiais dos animais sofrem interferências das variações climáticas e se elevam ao longo do dia, devido à variação nos índices de conforto térmico; a temperatura máxima de ORB foi o parâmetro mais condicionado à temperatura retal. Também, as oscilações de temperatura de superfície de ORB, FLd, FLe e ESC podem ser aferidas em bubalinos com o uso da termografia infravermelha, de modo preciso e não invasivo.

Quiste de vesícula seminal con litiasis / Seminal vesicle cyst with lithiasis

Presentamos un caso de quiste de vesícula seminal (VS) con macrolitiasis en un paciente prepúber. Se trata de un niño de 11 años de edad, que consulta por IUR asociadas con dolor perineal, con antecedentes de epididimitis aguda derecha; descubriendo como hallazgo en los estudios por imágenes, agenesia de riñon derecho y una formación litiásica en vesícula seminal derecha. Se realiza la exéresis de la vesícula seminal derecha con la litiasis en su interior, evolucionando sa-tisfactoriamente. Se analizan los distintos métodos diagnósticos para evaluar las vesículas semi-nales y las opciones de tratamiento, haciendo hincapié en los distintos abordajes quirúrgicos.

Pharmacological differences between memory consolidation of habituation to an open field and inhibitory avoidance learning

Rats implanted bilaterally with cannulae in the CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus or the entorhinal cortex were submitted to either a one-trial inhibitory avoidance task, or to 5 min of habituation to an open field. Immediately after training, they received intrahippocampal or intraentorhinal 0.5-æl infusions of saline, of a vehicle (2 percent dimethylsulfoxide in saline), of the glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist 2-amino-5-phosphono pentanoic acid (AP5), of the protein kinase A inhibitor Rp-cAMPs (0.5 æg/side), of the calcium-calmodulin protein kinase II inhibitor KN-62, of the dopaminergic D1 antagonist SCH23390, or of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibitor PD098059. Animals were tested in each task 24 h after training. Intrahippocampal KN-62 was amnestic for habituation; none of the other treatments had any effect on the retention of this task. In contrast, all of them strongly affected memory of the avoidance task. Intrahippocampal Rp-cAMPs, KN-62 and AP5, and intraentorhinal Rp-cAMPs, KN-62, PD098059 and SCH23390 caused retrograde amnesia. In view of the known actions of the treatments used, the present findings point to important biochemical differences in memory consolidation processes of the two tasks

Comparaçäo de conhecimentos sobre nutriçäo entre mäes de crianças desnutridas e eutróficas / Comparison of knowledge about nutrition between mothers of malnourished and euthophic children

A fim de relacionar os conhecimentos maternos sobre nutriçäo e práticas alimentares com o estado nutricional de crianças menores de 24 meses, 40 mäes de crianças atendidas e/ou internadas no Centro de Referência da Saúde da Mulher e Nutriçäo, Alimentaçäo e Desenvolvimento Infantil da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde e/ou Unidade Básica de Saúde do município de Säo Paulo, nos meses de outubro e novembro de 1993, foram submetidas a um questionário do tipo certo/errado contendo questöes referentes a: conhecimentos de nutriçäo, aleitamento materno, técnica dietética, educaçäo e higiene alimentar. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente pelos testes de Fischer e Cochran näo sendo encontradas diferenças significantes entre as mäes de crianças eutróficas(grupo 1) e mäes de desnutridas(grupo 2). Pode-se verificar diferenças de acerto para algumas questöes que näo foram consideradas relevantes à gênese da desnutriçäo...