Enhancing special care dentistry with sensory-adapted dental environment A comparative study

Aim: To compare and evaluate the effect of sensory-adapted dental environment (SADE) and regular dental environment in reducing anxiety levels in children with intellectual disabilities. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in children with mild intellectual disabilities aged 8–13 years. The developmental screening test was utilized in screening and including these children with IQ scores between 52 and 67, and after random allocation, children were subjected to oral prophylaxis in the SADE and regular dental environment. Anxiety levels were assessed at baseline, 5 min, and at the end of the procedure using Venham's anxiety rating scale, pulse rate, and blood pressure values. Results: The data were coded and analyzed using software SPSS (IBM version 22.0) for statistical analysis. Comparison between the groups was done using independent t-test and repeated measured ANOVA for objective assessment of intergroup and intragroup anxiety levels, respectively, and using Mann–Whitney U-test and Friedman's test for subjective assessment of intergroup and intragroup anxiety levels, respectively. Conclusion: These findings suggest that SADE significantly decreased anxiety levels and cooperative behavior in children with mild intellectual disability and can be used as an alternative behavior management technique in effectively handling children with intellectual disability.

Comparative evaluation of antibacterial property and substantivity of chlorhexidine containing dentifrices with sodium lauryl sulfate and Tween as surfactants: An in vivo study.

Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the antibacterial property and substantivity of chlorhexidine containing dentifrices with sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and Tween as surfactants. Materials and Methods: It is a double-blind cross over the study, a total of 20 children within their mixed dentition period (7-13 year) having Streptococci mutans count more than 106 were selected for the main study. Three types of chlorhexidine containing dentifrices were used with a washout period of 1 week. Out of the three toothpastes, one was without surfactant and other two toothpastes contained SLS and Tween as surfactants respectively. 20 volunteers brushed for 1 min during the study day with their assigned toothpaste. Saliva samples were collected before brushing, immediately after brushing and 1, 3, 5, and 7 hand sent for microbial analysis. The culture carried out by inoculating saliva sample onto Mitis salivarius agar for selective isolation of S. mutans followed by counting of colony forming unit. Results: Group I and III (Chlorhexidine and CHX + Tween) had shown statistically significant reduction in bacterial count until 7 h when compared to their baseline values (P < 0.001). Group II toothpaste (CHX + SLS) had shown significant reduction in bacterial count until 3 h only. On inter group comparison, Group III had shown good amount of percentage reduction in bacterial count when compared to other groups. Conclusion: CHX + Tween toothpaste had shown statistically significant reduction in antibacterial activity and substantivity than other groups. These findings show chlorhexidine containing toothpaste with non-ionic surfactant will be able to maintain the antibacterial property and substantivity of chlorhexidine.

Avaliação comparativa do Carisolv na remoção da dentina cariada em molares decíduos: estudo in vitro / Comparative evaluation of Carisolv in removal of carious dentin in primary molar teeth: in vitro study

Objetivo: Avaliar e comparar a eficiência e efetividade do Carisolv na remoção de tecido cariado em molares decíduos. Método: Trinta molares decíduos cariados foram seccionados mésio-distalmente e obtidos 60 espécimes. O Carisolv foi utilizado para remoção do tecido cariado nas 30 seções as quais foram denominadas de Grupo Experimental (GE) e nas 30 seções restantes executou-se a remoção convencional, sendo denominado de Grupo Controle (GC). O tempo gasto para a remoção foi registrado (em minutos) e comparado entre os grupos. Todas as amostras foram analisadas quanto à quantidade de dentina desminaralizada remanescente sob estereomicroscópio. O valores foram registrados em microns. A quantidade de tecido cariado remanescente foi verificada por meio da aplicação de corantes detectores de cárie. Em seguida, a dureza da dentina remanescente foi analisada através da dureza Vicker's, sendo realizada a comparação entre os grupos através do uso do Teste T de Student. Resultados: Verificou-se que os valores médios para a remoção da dentina cariada mostraram-se estatisticamente significante e maiores para o Carisolv (GE) quando comparado à remoção convencional (GC). Ademais, observou-se que a remoção com o Carisolv deixa muito mais quantidade de dentina desmineralizada e a camada de dentina apresenta menor dureza quando comparada à remoção convencional. Conclusão: Carisolv mostrou-se menos efetivo e eficiente quando comparado à remoção de tecido cariado convencional que demanda maior tempo para remoção do tecido cariado. Além do mais, a remoção com Carisolv deixa maior quantidade de dentina desmineralizada, a qual possui menor dureza do que as amostras obtidas com a remoção convencional.

Comparison of antibacterial activity of three fluorides- and zinc-releasing commercial glass ionomer cements on strains of mutans streptococci: an in vitro study.

The purpose of present study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of three commercially available fluoride- and zinc-releasing glass ionomer cements on strains of mutans streptococci. Three glass ionomers (Fuji II Conventional, Fuji II Light Cure, and Fuji IX) were used. The antibacterial effect of glass ionomer cements were estimated by anaerobically growing mutans streptococci on a selective medium by inoculating human saliva and measuring the inhibition zones around the glass ionomer discs on the medium. Fluoride and zinc release were measured and compared with the antibacterial activity. The results, when statistically analyzed, showed a direct correlation between fluoride release and antibacterial activity, but there was no correlation between zinc release and antibacterial activity.

Foreign body in a mandibular permanent molar--a case report.

A thirteen-year-old boy was examined in the Department of Pedodontics during a school-screening programme. On examination the left mandibular first permanent molar was found to be grossly destroyed. On radiographic evaluation a radio opaque screw shaped foreign object was seen in the pulp chamber of the said tooth. Retrieval of the foreign object was tried but the attempt was unsuccessful and an extraction was planned. A case of a unique foreign object in the pulp chamber of the tooth is reported.

A comparative study of retentive strengths of zinc phosphate, polycarboxylate and glass ionomer cements with stainless steel crowns--an in vitro study.

This study was conducted on 30 extracted human primary molars to assess the retentive strengths of zinc phosphate, polycarboxylate and glass ionomer cements. The teeth were embedded in resin blocks and were randomly divided into 3 groups of 10 each. The occlusal surfaces of all teeth were reduced uniformly by 1.0 to 1.5 mm. All mesial, distal undercuts were removed and sharp angles rounded. This was followed by cementing pretrimmed and precontoured stainless steel crowns on each tooth with hand pressure and storing in artificial saliva at 37 degrees C for 24 hours. Retentive strength was tested using Instron Universal Testing Machine. The load was applied starting from a zero reading and gradually increased until the cemented stainless steel crowns showed signs of movement and then the readings were recorded. It was found that retentive strengths of zinc phosphate and glass ionomer cements were statistically better (P < 0.05) when compared to the polycarboxylate cement. Negligible difference (0. 59 kg/cm2) was however observed between zinc phosphate and glass ionomer cements.

Modulations of hydrogen ion concentration in human dental plaque related to various solid sweet foods commonly consumed in Karnataka.

The acidogenic potential of commonly consumed solid sweets in Karnataka viz. Peda, Laddu, Mysore Pak and olige, studied in 40 children (9-15 years) with 2-5 dift/DMFT using glass electrode attached to Analog type pH electrometer revealed the mean resting plaque pH for 'peda' group to be 7.05, 'laddu' & mysore pak groups 7.24 and olige group 7.44. The maximum pH fall was obtained at 10 minutes interval in the post consumption period. It reached 6.08 with Peda, 6.44 with laddu, 6.41 with mysore pak and 6.47 with olige. The plaque pH gradually rose towards neutral in about 60 minutes in the post consumption period. According to cH area, the lowest acidogenic potential was found with olige (7.0506), followed by laddu (7.562), mysore pak (11.6944), and peda (15.249).