Evodiamine induces apoptosis of leukemia cell line K562 VIA modulation of TRIB2/AKT pathway / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effects of Evodiamine (EVO) on proliferation and apoptosis of human leukemia cell line K562 and its potential mechanisms. Methods K562 cells were treated with EVO at different concentrations (0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 jxmol • L

A comparative study on Da Vinci robotic and laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To compare the short-term surgical outcomes of robotic-assisted gastrectomy versus laparoscopic-assisted procedures for gastric cancer patients.Method From 2014 to 2018,108 robotic procedures and 263 laparoscopic surgery were done at the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University.Results Compared with the laparoscopic group,the robotic group had longer operation time [(269 ± 32) min vs.(205 ± 30) min,t =18.314,P ＜0.05],less intraoperative blood loss [(94 ± 52) ml vs.(130 ± 32) ml,t =-8.212,P ＜ 0.05],lower conversion rate (2.9％ vs.8.7％,x2=4.184,P＜ 0.05),more lymph node dissection [(45±11) vs.(41±10),t=3.502,P＜ 0.05],earlier exhaust time [(59 ±8) hvs.(61 ±9) h,t=-2.396,P＜ 0.05],higher total hospitalization cost [(75 763 ±2 981) yuan vs.(52 746 ± 3 904) yuan,t =55.024,P ＜ 0.05].There were no significant differences in hospital stay [(6.6 ±0.9) d vs.(6.5 ± 1.1) d,t =0.618,P ＞0.05],the proximal margin [(5.7 ± 1.1) cm vs.(5.4 ± 1.2) cm,t =1.583,P ＞ 0.05] and distal tumor margin [(4.7 ± 2.1) cm vs.(4.9 ± 2.0) cm,t =0.848,P ＞ 0.05].There were no significant differences in the incidence of complications (13.9％ vs.15.2％,x2 =0.106,P ＞0.05)and grade by Clavien-Dindo operation complications (Z =-0.271,P ＞ 0.05) between the two groups.Conclusion Da Vinci robotic radical gastrectomy is safe,better than laparoscopic procedure in intraoperative manipulation.

Analysis of the impact of extracellular acidity on the expression and activity of P-glycoprotein and on the P-glycoprotein-mediated cytotoxicity of daunorubicin in cancer cell by microfluidic chip technology / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the impact of extracellular acidic environment on the expression and activity of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and on the P-gp-mediated cytotoxicity of daunomycin in cancer cells by using microfluidic chip technology.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The A549 cells cultured on a microfluidic chip were divided into experiment group and control group. The experiment group was exposed to an acidic cell culture medium (pH 6.6), while the control group was treated with a neutral cell culture medium (pH 7.4). The expression of P-gp was detected by cell immunofluorescense analysis and the activity of P-gp was evaluated by Rhodamine 123 efflux experiment. Meanwhile, the cytotoxicity of daunomycin was analyzed by cell live/dead fluorescence staining method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Microfluidic chip designed in this study could provide a suitable microenvironment for the growth of A549 cells and the A549 cells reached the confluence of 90% after inoculation for 72 h. Treatment of the acidic cell culture media on A549 cells did not make a significant difference on the expression level of P-gp. However, the activity of P-gp was significantly enhancement and peaked at 6 h after treatment with acidic cell culture media. Meanwhile, the cytotoxicity of daunomycin reduced significantly after treatment with acidic cell culture medium for 6 h,and a reversal effect was obtained when synergy with verapamil.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Microfluidic chip technology can shorten the analysis time and reduce the reagent consumption. It can be used as a new technology platform for understanding the mechanisms of multi-drug resistance and for screening highly efficient multi-drug resistance reversal agents.</p>

Effects of early enteral feeding on clinical outcomes and immune function in patients after colorectal cancer surgery / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To observe the effect of early enteral feeding on clinical outcomes and immune function in patients after colorectal cancer surgery.Methods 90 cases of colorectal cancer patients were randomly divided into early enteral feeding group (43 cases) and control group (45 cases).Patients in early feeding group were given small amount of water several times and enteral nutrition early after surgery,while patients in the control group were administrated according to conventional postoperative care protocol.Data were collected on serum IgA,IgG,IgM,CD4 +,CD4 +/CD8 + and CRP on the postoperative first,third and seventh days,postoperative length of stay,complications and quality of life.Results The postoperative fever time [(54 ±6) h vs.(65 ±6) h,t =8.688,P ＜0.01],time to flatus [(58 ±8) h vs.(72±7) h,t=8.573,P＜0.01],postoperative length of stay [(6.9±1.4) dvs.(8.5 ±1.9) d,t=4.277,P ＜ 0.01] and health care cost [(41 868 ± 3 168) RMB vs.(45 950 ± 3 714) RMB,t =5.536,P ＜ 0.01] were significantly in favour of early enteral feeding group than those in control group.Further,the score of quality of life at discharge were significantly higher in early enteral feeding group [(18.4 ± 1.7) vs.(16.4 ± 1.9),t =5.235,P ＜ 0.01],while the complication incidence showed no difference between the two groups [18.6％ (8/43) vs.22.2％ (10/45),t=0.177,P＞0.05].The CD4+,CD4+/CD8+ and IgM on the seventh postoperative day and the IgA and IgG on the third and seventh postoperative day were significantly better in early enteral feeding group while the CRP was significantly lower as compared to the control group (t =3.639,t =2.255,t =2.119,t =2.035,t =2.961,t =2.060,t =2.108,t =7.308,t =3.435,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Early oral enteral feeding after elective colorectal cancer surgery can improve patient's immune function,reduce the stress and accelerate rehabilitation.

A randomized control study of early oral enteral nutrition after colorectal cancer operation / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the safety and efficacy of early oral enteral nutrition after colorectal cancer operation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 88 colorectal cancer patients in our department from March 2013 to December 2013 were prospectively enrolled in the study and randomly divided into early enteral nutrition group(43 cases, receiving early water and enteral nutrition after operation) and early fasting group(45 cases, receiving conventional postoperative care protocol) based on the random number table. The postoperative recovery, complication morbidity, nutritional status and stress were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared to early fasting group, patients in early enteral nutrition group had a significantly shorter duration of postoperative fever [(53.7±5.9) h vs. (64.5±5.8) h, P<0.01], a shorter interval to flatus [(57.5±8.2) h vs. (71.8±7.2) h, P<0.01], a shorter hospital stay [(6.9±1.4) d vs. (8.5±1.9) d, P<0.01] and lower medical cost [(41 868±3168) Yuan vs. (45 950±3714) Yuan, P<0.01]. There was no significant difference in complication morbidity between the two groups [18.6%(8/43) vs. 22.2%(10/45), P>0.05]. The albumin, prealbumin, and retinol binding protein on the third and seventh postoperative days were significantly higher in early oral enteral nutrition group (P<0.05), while the rest energy expense (REE) and lnHOMA-IR were significantly lower as compared to early fasting group (all P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Early oral enteral nutrition after colorectal cancer operation is safe and effective, which is a natural route of nutrition and can reduce the stress response related to surgery, improve postoperative patients' nutritional status and accelerate rehabilitation.</p>

Neutrophil elastase inhibitor on proliferation and apoptosis of U937 cells / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study and compare the effect of neutrophil elastase inhibitors (GW311616A and sivelestat) on the proliferation and apoptosis of U937 cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Inhibitory effects of GW311616A and sivelestat on the proliferation of U937 cells were assayed by MTT assay. The morphologic changes of U937 cells were detected by transmission electron microscope, and apoptosis was observed by AnnexinV-FITC/PI staining. The changes of cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. The expression of NE in U937 cells was observed by indirect immunofluorescence, the variations of content and activity of NE in U937 cells were measured through ELISA assay and colorimetric method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MTT showed that both NE inhibitors could inhibit the proliferation of U937 cells in a dose dependent manner. The IC50 of GW311616A and sivelestat were 150 and 214 μmol/L respectively. The inhibition effect of GW311616A was significantly higher than of sivelestat (P<0.01). Typical apoptosis morphological changes of U937 cells was observed through electron microscope. AnnexinV-FITC/PI staining showed that U937 cells could be induced to undergo apoptosis by the two inhibitors, the apoptosis ratio of 150μmol/L GW311616A group (13.60%) was significantly higher than that of 150μmol/L sivelestat group (3.69%)(P<0.01). The result of flow cytometry indicated that the apoptosis ratio of 150 μmol/L GW311616A group was 14.61%, U937 cell cycle was mainly blocked in G2/M phase; meanwhile 150 μmol/L sivelestat group as 4.25% with cell cycle in S phase. The fluorescence intensity of GW311616A group obviously decreased than of sivelestat group. And the two inhibitors could reduce the content and activity of NE in U937 cells, but the effect of GW311616A was significantly higher than of sivelestat (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>GW311616A and sivelestat could inhibit the proliferation and cause apoptosis of U937 cells. Furthermore, GW311616A was more effective and harmful to cells than sivelestat.</p>

Effect of early oral enteral nutrition on clinical outcomes after colorectal cancer surgery / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of early oral feeding with enteral nutrition after surgery on clinical outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-eight patients with colorectal cancer undergoing elective operation between January 2012 and May 2012 were randomly divided into study group (n=24) and control group (n=24). Patients in the group were given small amount of water several times and enteral nutrition early after surgery. Patients in the control group received conventional postoperative care protocol. Nutritional status, immune function, time of flatus, postoperative hospital stay, medical cost and incidence of complications between the two groups were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>As compared to the control group, nutritional status and immune function in the study group were significantly better (P<0.05). In the study group, time to flatus [(54.3±11.9) h vs. (65.7±10.0) h, P<0.05] and postoperative hospital stay [(5.4±1.1) d vs. (7.1±1.4) d, P<0.05] were significantly shorter, and medical cost [(36.3±6.4) thousand RMB vs. (42.8±4.3) thousand RMB, P<0.05] was significantly less as compared with the control group. No difference of the complication incidence was found [12.5% (3/24) vs. 16.7% (4/24), P>0.05].</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Early oral feeding with enteral nutrition after surgery can improve the nutritional status and immune function, and accelerate the recovery of patients with colorectal cancer.</p>

Effect of early oral enteral nutrition on clinical outcomes after gastric cancer surgery / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of early oral feeding with enteral nutrition preparation after surgery on clinical outcomes in patients with gastric cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty patients with gastric cancer undergoing radical operation between July 2010 and May 2011 were randomly divided into two groups using random digit table: experimental group(n=30, administration of water and enteral nutrition early after surgery) and control group(n=30, conventional postoperative care protocol). Clinical outcomes, immune function, and nutritional status between the two groups were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>As compared to the control group, duration of fever was significantly shorter in the experimental group [(81.1±6.4) h vs. (87.3±8.0) h, P<0.05], as were postoperative time of flatus [(79.9±9.5) h vs. (86.6±8.7) h, P<0.05] and postoperative hospital stay [(7.83±2.23) d vs. (9.57±1.96) d, P<0.01]. The medical cost [(30,220±3,220) RMB vs.(34,600±32,120) RMB, P<0.01] was lower than that in the control group. There was no significant difference in morbidity between the two groups[13.3%(4/30) vs. 16.7%(5/30), P>0.05]. The levels of CD3(+)T, CD4(+)T, NK cell, CD4(+)T/CD8(+)T, albumin, and prealbumin were higher in the experimental group as compared to the control group on postoperative day 3 and 7(P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Early oral feeding with enteral nutrition preparation after surgery can improve the nutritional status and immune function, and accelerate the rehabilitation for patients with gastric cancer.</p>

Berberine and total base from rhizoma coptis chinensis attenuate brain injury in an aluminum-induced rat model of neurodegenerative disease

To investigate the protective effects of the total base from rhizoma coptis chinensis [CTB] and berberine [Ber] on neurodegeneration induced by aluminum overload in rats. The study took place in the Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China, between February 2005 and May 2007. Wistar rats were divided into control group, model group, Ber-treated group, CTB [55 mg/kg and 110 mg/kg]-treated group, and nimodipine-treated group [n=20]. A rat brain damage model was established via intragastric administration of 400 mg/kg element aluminum once a day, 5 days a week for 12 weeks. The CTB, Ber, and nimodipine were intragastrically administered 4 hours after each aluminum administration for 12 weeks. The morphological changes of the neurons of the rat hippocampus and the changes of rat learning and memory functions were observed. The superoxide dismutase [SOD], choline acetyltransferase [ChAT], acetylcholinesterase [AchE], and monoamine oxidase-B [MAO-B] activities and malondialdehyde [MDA] content, as well as the MAO-B expression in the rat brain were examined. The CTB, Ber, and nimodipine significantly improved the learning and memory ability impairment and hippocampal neuronal death. The CTB, Ber, and nimodipine also significantly blunted the decrease of SOD and ChAT activities, and the increase of MDA content, AchE activities, and MAO-B expressions and activity in the aluminum-overload rats. The CTB and Ber have protective effects on neurodegeneration induced by aluminum overload. The CTB [110 mg/kg] has more powerful neuroprotection than Ber

Screening and identification of proteins interacting with RAR alpha-V via yeast two-hybrid system / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen the protein interacting with retinoic acid receptor variant protein (RAR alpha-V) via the yeast two-hybrid technique (YTHT) and to find out the targets protein and study its biological function.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The bait vector of pGBKT7-RAR alpha-V was constructed for screening proteins interacting with RAR alpha-V in K562 cell cDNA expression library via YTHT. The protein-protein interaction was confirmed with re-transformation in yeast and GST pull-down in vitro.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The bait vector was successfully constructed without toxicity, leakage and self-activation. Sixteen proteins were screened by YTHT and eight positive clones were identified by re-transformation in yeast. The interaction between RAR alpha-V and JTV-1 was confirmed by GST pull-down in vitro.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There are some kinds of proteins interacting with RAR alpha-V in cell. The biological dysfunction caused by certain protein-protein interaction may be involved in the pathogenesis of leukemia.</p>

Clinical observation on acupuncture combined with motortherapy for early treatment of cerebral palsy high risk infants / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of early treatment with acupuncture and motortherapy on developmental quotient (DQ) of cerebral palsy high risk infants.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty cerebral palsy high risk infants were divided into an acupuncture combined with motortherapy group (treatment group) and a control group, 30 cases in each group. Changes of DQ were investigated by the children mental development scale.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The DQ in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.001), with a very significant difference between the two groups in the different grades of DQ (P < 0.005). Incidence of cerebral palsy in the treatment group significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.005).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupuncture combined with motortherapy can effectively improve intelligence level and motor function, and reduce the incidence of cerebral palsy for cerebral palsy high risk infants at early stage.</p>

The structure-function relationship of thermostable beta-glycosidase from the thermophilic eubacterium Thermus nonproteolyticus HG102 / 生物工程学报

Beta-glycosidase (Tngly) from the thermophilic eubacterium Thermus nonproteolyticus HG102, which is a thermostable monomeric protein and adopts the (beta/alpha)8 barrel fold, is an excellent model system to be investigated for the thermostable mechanism, activity and substrate specificity. Here, based on the analysis of structural basis for thermostability of Tngly (Wang et al, 2003) and comparison of other proteins structure of homofamily, Glu164 and Glu338 may act as proton donor and nucleophile in the hydrolysis reaction respectively; proline located at N1 of alpha-helix and arginine which can form ion link may contribute to the thermostability. We aim to further identify the critical sites and the amino acid residue(s) responsible for the activity, the thermal stability and the substrate specificity. Mutations had been constructed by site-directed mutagenesis. They are Glu164Gln, Glu338Ala, Pro316Gly, Arg325Leu, Pro344Phe, Pro356Ala and Pro316Gly/Pro356Ala. All mutant proteins were purified to SDS-PAGE purity. Changes in the conformations were examined by means of CD. The Glu338Ala mutant showed no detectable hydrolysis activity, but can synthesize oligosaccharides, as expected for the residue acting as the nucleophile of the reaction. The Glu164 acts as the general acid/base catalyst in the hydrolysis reaction. Changes in stabilities of mutants compared with wild-type were determined by means of heat inactivity experiment. These results indicate that the amino acid residue of proline that is located at N1 positions of alpha-helix, and Arg325 that form salt bridge between alpha-helices 5 and alpha-helices 6, are the critical sites to protein thermostabilization.

Effect of xiaoyu tablet on blood flow parameters and morphology of carotid artery in atherosclerotic patients / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of Xiaoyu Tablet (XYT) on blood flow parameters and morphology of carotid artery in atherosclerotic patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using color Doppler ultrasonographic technique to examine the blood flow parameters and intimal thickness of carotid artery in 20 patients of carotid atherosclerosis after 24 weeks treatment of XYT, and compared with those in 10 patients treated with gastrodine lipid-lowering tablet.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 24 weeks treatment, blood flow parameters of carotid artery were obviously improved and intimal thickness of common carotid arteries in both side was markedly decreased. XYT showed an effect better than that of gastrodine lipid-lowering tablet.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>XYT is effective in increasing blood flow of cervical and cerebral arteries.</p>

The damages of adrenal gland in rabbits with neisseria memingococcal septic shock / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM: To investigate the damages of adrenal gland in rabbits infected with neisseria meningococci(MC).METHODS: 18 rabbits were injected with MC (1×1011 organism/kg, iv, model group, n=10) or normal saline (control group, n=8).TNF-α was detected in baseline (before challenged), 60 min and 120 min after injection. 120 min after injection, TNF-α immunochemical localization of adrenal gland was detected with ABC methods by electron microscopy. RESULTS: In model group, TNF-α positive cells were located in medulla and TNF-α released into simus of medulla. The medulla damages were appeared but gland cells of cortex was normal. No damages were showed in control group. TNF-α value of plasm was elevated at 60 min and 120 min after injection compared with control group. CONCLUSION: TNF-α was released into medulla and resulted in medulla damages after MC challenging. Adrenal cortex didnt damaged in early phase of MC septic shock.