Study between clonidine and dexmedetomidine in attenuation of pressor response during endotracheal intubation

Background: Laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation, which are a basic and integral part of general anesthesia (GA), are associated with reflex sympathetic stimulation, manifested by tachycardia and hypertension. Aim: The aim was to compare the effect of dexmedetomidine and clonidine on the pressor response among patients undergoing tracheal intubation in elective surgeries under general anesthesia. Materials and methods: A prospective and randomized control study conducted in 80 adult patients of age 18-55 years in ASA I and II were included in this study. Patients were divided into Group D and Group C of 40 patients each. Results: Mean SBP, DBP and MAP in the dexmedetomidine group remained close to the baseline throughout the study period showing a significant difference from clonidine groups following the induction interval. In present study after intubation heart rate, SBP, and DBP was increased in all patients but the increase was more in patients of clonidine group when compared to dexmedetomidine group. There was statistically significant difference in heart rate between the two groups at 1, 3 and 4 min interval after intubation (p value<0.05). No significant changes in peripheral oxygen saturation K. Selvarju, Kondreddi Narayana Prasad, Ajay Kumar Reddy Bobba. Study between clonidine and dexmedetomidine in attenuation of pressor response during endotracheal intubation. IAIM, 2018; 5(8): 100-106. Page 101 (SpO2) and cardiac rhythm (ECG) were observed in any patients of both groups. Bradycardia (HR<50/min) was observed in one patient of dexmedetomidine group and two patients in clonidine group, five minutes after intubation. Intraoperative hypotension was observed in one patient of dexmedetomidine group and in two patients of clonidine group. Conclusion: Premedication with dexmedetomidine can safely be recommended for attenuation of provided more stable hemodynamics response to endotracheal intubation

Study on jute mill workers exposed to occupational hazards

Background: Occupational risks alone account for 1.7% of disability adjusted life years (DALY) lost worldwide. Occupational exposure to airborne particulates is estimated to cause 12% of deaths due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Aim: To study the socio demographic profile and morbidity status of jute mill workers exposed to occupational hazards. Materials and methods: It was a cross sectional study carried out for a period of 9 months. Simple random sampling technique was applied to select the samples from jute processing departments like Selection, Batching, Carding, Preparing, Spinning, Winding, Beaming, Weaving and Finishing. Results: There was a no statistical significant association (P>0.05) found between per duration and type of work. There was a statistical significant association (P<0.05) found between Section of work and Housing condition of workers. P value 0.000 statistical significance was found between the total number of workers and drinking habit. There was a statistical significant association (P<0.05) found between Section of work and Addictions of workers. Statistical significant association (P<0.05) was found between other Health problem and Sex. Conclusion: The results highlight a lack of adequate work safety practices in the jute mill workers. Workers experience various work-related hazards and health problems.

A study of health status of juvenile delinquents

Background: A Juvenile is a person or child who has not completed the age of 18 years. A Juvenile delinquent is a child who has not attained 18 years of age and who committed an offence under existing law. Juvenile delinquency is a behavior disorder of deviant adults. Its spectrum extends from misbehavior to assault and includes robbery and heinous crimes. Aim: To study the health, nutrition status, socio-demographic profile and risk factors of the juvenile delinquents. Materials and methods: The present study was a cross sectional study undertake in government observation home for boys to study the health status of 175 juvenile delinquents in 8 months period of time. Results: Higher Age Group Delinquents are having more habits which were statistically significant when compared with other age group delinquents. The parents of the majority of the delinquents were illiterates and working as a daily laborers and belong to low socio economic group. The findings of the study proves that the risk factors for juvenile delinquency were lack of parental supervision, parental negligence, single parent, illiteracy, poverty, ignorance, child abuse, low socio economic status, urbanization of the society and life pattern, lack of cultural influence, non-exposure of juveniles to good recreational facilities and hobbies. In Nuclear Families, habits in delinquents are at higher side which is statistically Significant when compared with Delinquents who lived in other type of families. The majority of the juveniles have behavioral disorders like smoking, drinking alcohol, absconding and doing theft. Most of the juvenile delinquents are healthy and very few of them are anemic. Ajay Kumar Reddy Bobba, D. Bhanu Kiran, Naidana Partha Sarathy. A study of health status of juvenile delinquents. IAIM, 2018; 5(4): 48-58. Page 49 Conclusions: Well-trained Health Workers, Social Workers, Psychologists, Nutritionists, Artists, Sportsman, Teachers are of immense importance and much needed for the task of juvenile correction and development. Parents must be given proper counselling to avoid repetition of the juveniles.