Rectal Foreign Bodies:A Retrospective Study

Reported incidence of rectal foreign bodies is rather rare with only isolated published case reports or case series. Controlled studies of patients with rectal foreign bodies have not been conducted. The approach to the management of these patients has not changed in the last 10-20 years

Intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome: A review of current concept and trends.

Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) and intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) have been a cause of complications in ICU patients, especially those of trauma and acute abdomen. ACS affects almost every system of the body namely the cardiac, respiratory, renal, CNS and the GIT. It has been under-recognized as it primarily affects patients who are already critically ill and the organ dysfunction may be incorrectly attributed to the primary illness. Since ACS can improve with treatment, it is important that the diagnosis be considered in the appropriate patient. We will review here the definition, classification, incidence, etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of intraabdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome. The method employed for literature search included web search of articles in various international and national bibliographic indices. The websites used for the search include Google, PubMed, NIH.gov, Medscape.com, Science direct and Scopus.

Sialolipoma of parotid gland, a rare benign tumor.

Sialolipoma is a rare tumour found within both major and minor salivary glands. A total of 35 sialolipoma cases have been reported 18 within major salivary gland and 17 within minor salivary gland. Major gland sialolipoma most often are presented in the parotid gland (77%) and those from minor salivary glands were often seen in the palate (41%). All lesions were well circumscribed and contained mature adipose tissue admixed with benign salivary gland component. Treatment is surgical excision. We report a case of 52 years old male who presented with the complaint of swelling in the left parotid region for 22 years duration. Apart from cosmetic reason he has no other complain. All specific investigations done were inconclusive and suggested a benign tumor. Histopathological examination after superficial parotidectomy suggested sialolipoma.

Unicentric Castleman’s disease presenting as retroperitoneum lump.

Castleman disease is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder, also known as giant lymph node hyperplasia or angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia. Clinically, Castleman disease is of two types: localised/unicentric type and multicentric/systemic type. Unicentric or localised Castleman disease affect a single lymph node or group of lymph nodes. The multicentric type affects two or more groups of lymph node in different part of the body. It can also affect organs containing lymphoid tissue. Histologically it is classified as hyaline vascular variant, plasma cell variant and a mixed variant. Clinical symptoms may vary from asymptomatic to symptomatic lymphadenopathy accompanied by fever, anaemia fatigue, abdominal or thoracic pain and weight loss. There is no specific test to diagnose Castleman disease. We report a case of 16 years old male who presented with a painless lump in left lumbar region without any constitutional symptoms. CECT suggested a retroperitoneal lump with calcification. Laparotomy was done and complete excision of mass done. Histopathological examination of excised tissue suggested Castleman disease of hyaline vascular variant. After six month of follow up, the patient has no complain.

Translocation of IUCD into caecum causing acute appendicitis.

Cases of extra uterine translocation of intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) to adjacent structures like peritoneal cavity, urinary bladder & sigmoid colon have been reported. Here is a case of translocation of IUCD into the caecum presenting as appendicitis. Appendicitis resulting from IUCD translocation is very rare. As per our knowledge only 19 cases have been reported earlier.