Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Montrer: 20 | 50 | 100
Résultats 1 - 9 de 9
Filtre
1.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 100(supl.1): S57-S64, Mar.-Apr. 2024. tab, graf
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1558339

Résumé

Abstract Objective To carry out a narrative review on the use of marketing strategies in child nutrition, as well as potential implications for health professionals and children. Data source Searches were carried out on the PubMed, SciELO, and Google platforms, using the terms "child nutrition" or "industrialized baby food" or "infant formula" or "breast milk" or "breastfeeding" and "marketing", with original articles, review articles, institutional reports, institutional position documents and websites considered relevant to the topic being analyzed. Data synthesis Children's food marketing started with the industrialization of food and the resulting actions aimed at increasing sales and meeting commercial interests. Since its inception to the present, infant formulas have been the most widely used products, which has impacted breastfeeding practices. International and national institutions, that care for children's health, are searching for strategies to limit the abusive marketing of industrialized children's foods. Marketing strategies interfere with medical knowledge and actions, potentially influencing the guidance provided by pediatricians to families, and finally, compromising healthy eating practices at a critical period in life, with possible long-term effects. Conclusions Health professionals, especially pediatricians, must provide the best care for children and families, and need to maintain the search for quality scientific information, not influenced by conflicts of interest. Updated and critical knowledge on the part of healthcare professionals can curb marketing strategies that aim to influence their actions.

2.
Rev. Nutr. (Online) ; 37: e220278, 2024. tab
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1559151

Résumé

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the anthropometric variables and body composition of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy based on the type of enteral diet received. Methods A case-series study involving 38 individuals with spastic quadriparetic cerebral palsy, aged four to 18 years, fed only by the enteral route, followed up at a Reference Hospital in the city of Recife (PE), Brazil. One group received an exclusively industrialized enteral diet, while the other received a mixed diet (industrialized and homemade). Weight, stature, arm circumference, and arm muscle area were measured. Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Results There was no significant difference between the groups receiving industrialized and mixed diets, with a high stature deficit frequency (63.6% versus 68.7%; p=0.743), excess fat mass (93.3% versus 58.3%; p=0.060), and fat free mass deficit (73.3% versus 66.7%; p=1.000) observed in both groups. Regarding the nutritional composition of the enteral diet, 54.5% and 53.8% of the individuals in the industrialized and mixed diet groups, respectively, received an industrialized enteral diet with a hypercaloric, hyperlipidic, and hypoproteic nutritional composition. Conclusion It was concluded that there was no difference in anthropometric parameters and body composition based on the type of diet received. It should be considered that the nutritional composition of the most commonly used industrialized diet among the individuals in this study may have influenced the unfavorable outcomes, such as the high frequency of low muscle mass and excess fat mass. This highlights the need for the formulation and availability of an enteral diet that meets the nutritional needs of this population.


RESUMO Objetivo Investigar os parâmetros antropométricos e a composição corporal de crianças e adolescentes com paralisia cerebral em função do tipo de dieta enteral recebida. Métodos Estudo tipo série de casos, envolvendo 38 indivíduos com paralisia cerebral tetraparética espástica entre 4 e 18 anos, alimentados apenas por via alternativa, acompanhados em um Hospital de Referência em Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. Um grupo recebia dieta enteral industrializada exclusiva e outro, dieta mista (industrializada e artesanal). Foram aferidos, peso, estatura, circunferência e área muscular do braço. A composição corporal se deu por meio da utilização de bioimpedância elétrica. Resultados Não houve diferença significante entre os grupos dieta industrializada e dieta mista, sendo constatada elevada frequência de déficit estatural (63,6% versus 68,7%; p=0,743), excesso de massa gorda (93,3% versus 58,3%; p=0,060) e déficit de massa livre de gordura (73,3% versus 66,7%; p=1,000), em ambos os grupos. Quanto à composição nutricional da dieta enteral ofertada, 54,5% e 53,8% dos indivíduos nos grupos dieta industrializada e dieta mista, respectivamente, recebiam dieta enteral industrializada de composição nutricional hipercalórica, hiperlipídica e hipoproteica. Conclusão Conclui-se que não houve diferença nos parâmetros antropométricos e na composição corporal em função do tipo de dieta recebida. Deve-se considerar que a composição nutricional da dieta industrializada mais utilizada pelos indivíduos dessa pesquisa pode ter influenciado os resultados desfavoráveis, como a elevada frequência de baixa massa muscular e excesso de massa gorda. Surgindo por sua vez, a necessidade da formulação e disponibilização de uma dieta enteral que atenda às necessidades nutricionais dessa população.

3.
Rev. Nutr. (Online) ; 30(6): 713-722, Nov.-Dec. 2017. tab
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041234

Résumé

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the frequency of malnutrition and food consumption of children with cerebral palsy according to the age at the beginning of speech and hearing rehabilitation treatment. Methods Two to eleven-year-old children diagnosed with cerebral palsy who had up to three months of speech-language and nutritional rehabilitation were included in two reference centers in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. The following measurement of the children were taken: weight, knee height, arm circumference and triceps skinfold. Weight, estimated height and body mass index were classified into Z-scores according to the World Health Organization curves. Brachial circumference, triceps skinfold and arm circumference were classified according to Frisancho. The 24-hour recall was used to calculate intake of calories, proteins, calcium, iron, vitamin A, and zinc using the NutriWin software. Results A total of 68 patients were evaluated. Children older than five had a higher frequency of malnutrition when weight (.=0.02) and arm circumference (.<0.001) were considered, although there was less triceps malnutrition (.=0.002). These also had lower calorie consumption per kg/day, protein/kg/day and calcium than the younger children. Conclusion The greatest nutritional impairment after the age of five suggests that nutritional and speech therapy interventions could have a greater effect if they were performed before that age.


RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar frequência da desnutrição e consumo alimentar de crianças com paralisia cerebral de acordo com a idade do início do tratamento de reabilitação fonoaudiológica e nutricional. Métodos Foram incluídas crianças de 2 a 11 anos com diagnóstico de paralisia cerebral e que tinham até três meses de reabilitação fonoaudiológica e nutricional em dois centros de referência em Recife, Pernambuco. Submetidas a medidas de peso, altura do joelho, circunferência do braço e dobra cutânea tricipital. Peso, estatura estimada e índice de massa corporal foram classificados em escore-Z pelas curvas da Organização Mundial da Saúde. Circunferência braquial, dobra cutânea tricipital e circunferência muscular do braço foram classificados segundo Frisancho. Utilizou-se o recordatório das 24 horas para calcular consumo de calorias, proteínas, cálcio, ferro, vitamina A e zinco, pelo software NutriWin®. Resultados Foram avaliados 68 pacientes. Crianças maiores que cinco anos tiveram maior frequência de desnutrição quando se considerava peso (p=0,02) e ou circunferência muscular do braço (p<0,001) apesar de menor desnutrição pela dobra tricipital (p=0,002). Estas também tinham menor consumo de calorias/kg/dia, proteína/kg/dia e cálcio do que os menores. Conclusão O maior comprometimento nutricional a partir de cinco anos sugere que intervenções nutricionais e fonoaudioló-gicas poderiam ter maior efeito caso fossem realizadas antes dessa idade.


Sujets)
Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Enfant , Paralysie cérébrale , Réadaptation , Orthophonie , Poids et mesures , Consommation alimentaire , Enfant , Malnutrition
4.
Clinics ; 72(3): 154-160, Mar. 2017. tab, graf
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: biblio-840058

Résumé

OBJECTIVE: Changes in the neonatal gut environment allow for the colonization of the mucin layer and lumen by anaerobic bacteria. The aim of the present study was to evaluate Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Lactococcus colonization through the first year of life in a group of 12 Brazilian infants and to correlate these data with the levels of Escherichia coli. The presence of anaerobic members of the adult intestinal microbiota, including Eubacterium limosum and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, was also evaluated. METHODS: Fecal samples were collected during the first year of life, and 16S rRNA from anaerobic and facultative bacteria was detected by real-time PCR. RESULTS: Bifidobacterium was present at the highest levels at all of the studied time points, followed by E. coli and Lactobacillus. E. limosum was rarely detected, and F. prausnitzii was detected only in the samples from the latest time points. CONCLUSION: These results are consistent with reports throughout the world on the community structure of the intestinal microbiota in infants fed a milk diet. Our findings also provide evidence for the influence of the environment on intestinal colonization due to the high abundance of E. coli. The presence of important anaerobic genera was observed in Brazilian infants living at a low socioeconomic level, a result that has already been well established for infants living in developed countries.


Sujets)
Humains , Nouveau-né , Nourrisson , Bactéries anaérobies/isolement et purification , Fèces/microbiologie , Microbiome gastro-intestinal , Intestins/microbiologie , Valeurs de référence , Facteurs temps , Bactéries anaérobies/génétique , Bifidobacterium/isolement et purification , Bifidobacterium/génétique , Brésil , ADN bactérien , Facteurs âges , Charge bactérienne , Réaction de polymérisation en chaine en temps réel , Lactobacillus/isolement et purification , Lactobacillus/génétique
5.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 91(6,supl.1): S36-S43, nov.-dez. 2015. tab
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: lil-769805

Résumé

Resumo Objetivos: Descrever as recomendações atuais sobre a melhor maneira de conduzir o paciente pediátrico com doença diarreica aguda. Fonte dos dados: PubMed, Scopus, Scholar Google. Síntese dos dados: Houve pouco avanço no uso dos sais de reidratação oral (SRO) nas últimas décadas apesar de ser amplamente divulgado por meio de diretrizes internacionais. Vários estudos vêm sendo feitos na tentativa de melhorar a eficácia do SRO. Hidratação venosa com solução salina isotônica, infundida de forma rápida, deve ser indicada em casos de desidratação grave. A nutrição deve ser assegurada logo após a resolução da desidratação e é primordial para a saúde intestinal e imunológica. Restrições alimentares usualmente não são benéficas e podem ser prejudiciais. As medicações sintomáticas têm indicação restrita e antibióticos são indicados em casos específicos, cólera e shiguelose moderada a grave. Conclusões: A hidratação e a nutrição continuam a ser as intervenções com melhor impacto sobre o curso da diarreia aguda.


Abstract Objectives: To describe the current recommendations on the best management of pediatric patients with acute diarrheal disease. Data source: PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar. Data summary: There has been little progress in the use of oral rehydration salts (ORS) in recent decades, despite being widely reported by international guidelines. Several studies have been performed to improve the effectiveness of ORS. Intravenous hydration with isotonic saline solution, quickly infused, should be given in cases of severe dehydration. Nutrition should be ensured after the dehydration resolution, and is essential for intestinal and immune health. Dietary restrictions are usually not beneficial and may be harmful. Symptomatic medications have limited indication and antibiotics are indicated in specific cases, such as cholera and moderate to severe shigellosis. Conclusions: Hydration and nutrition are the interventions with the greatest impact on the course of acute diarrhea.


Sujets)
Enfant , Humains , Diarrhée/thérapie , Pratique factuelle/normes , Traitement par apport liquidien/normes , Solutions réhydratation/administration et posologie , Maladie aigüe , Types de pratiques des médecins , Sels/administration et posologie
6.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 91(5): 448-454, Sept.-Oct. 2015. tab
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: lil-766166

Résumé

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To translate, cross-culturally adapt, and validate a specific questionnaire for the evaluation of celiac children and adolescents, the celiac disease DUX (CDDUX). METHODS: The steps suggested by Reichenheim and Moraes (2007) were followed to obtain conceptual, item, semantic, operational, and measurement equivalences. Four pediatric gastroenterologists; a researcher with tool validation background; three English teachers; and 33 celiac patients, aged 8-18 years, and their caregivers participated in the study. The scores of celiac patients and those obtained from their caregivers were compared. Among the patients, the scores were compared in relation to gender and age. RESULTS: All items were considered relevant to the construct and good semantic equivalence of the version was acquired. During measurement equivalence, the exploratory factor analysis showed appropriate weight of all items and good internal consistency, with Cronbach's a of 0.81. Significant difference was found among the final scores of children and their caregivers. There was no difference among the final scores in relation to gender or age. CONCLUSION: The questionnaire was translated and adapted according to all the proposed steps, with all equivalences adequately met. It is a valid tool to access the QoL of celiac children and adolescents in the translated language.


RESUMO OBJETIVO: Traduzir, adaptar transculturalmente e validar um questionário específico para avaliação de qualidade de vida (QV) de crianças e adolescentes com doença celíaca (DC), o Celiac Disease DUX (CDDUX). MÉTODO: Foram seguidas as etapas descritas por Reichenheim e Moraes (2007) para obtenção de equivalências conceitual, de itens, semântica, operacional e de mensuração. Participaram do estudo quatro gastroenterologistas pediátricos, um profissional com experiência em validação de instrumentos, três professores de inglês e 33 pacientes celíacos, entre oito e 18 anos, com seus responsáveis. Foram comparados os escores de QV obtidos dos pacientes com os obtidos por meio dos seus responsáveis. Dentro do grupo de pacientes, compararam-se os escores em relação ao sexo e idade. RESULTADOS: Todos os itens foram considerados pertinentes ao construto e foi atingida boa equivalência semântica da versão. A análise fatorial exploratória demonstrou carga fatorial adequada de todos os itens e boa consistência interna, com a de Cronbach de 0,81. Foi evidenciada diferença significativa entre o escore final do CDDUX de crianças e seus pais. Não houve diferença do escore final do questionário em relação ao sexo ou à idade. CONCLUSÃO: A tradução e adaptação seguiram adequadamente as etapas propostas, com a equivalência sendo atingida de maneira satisfatória. O instrumento traduzido mostrou-se válido para avaliação da QV de crianças e adolescentes com DC.


Sujets)
Adolescent , Enfant , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Comparaison interculturelle , Maladie coeliaque/psychologie , Enquêtes et questionnaires , Traductions , Brésil , Aidants , Langage , Qualité de vie
7.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 45(3): 239-242, jul.-set. 2008. ilus
Article Dans Portugais | LILACS | ID: lil-494334

Résumé

RACIONAL: A doença celíaca é uma enfermidade freqüente que afeta crianças e adultos e cujo diagnóstico e tratamento precoces previnem complicações e mortes. Ainda são escassos os estudos de soroprevalência em nosso meio. OBJETIVOS: Conhecer a soroprevalência da doença celíaca, utilizando-se os anticorpos anti-endomísio e antitransglutaminase tecidual humana, em crianças e adolescentes atendidos em um ambulatório de pediatria geral. MÉTODOS: O desenho foi descritivo do tipo corte transversal, um estudo de soroprevalência. Inicialmente foram dosados os anticorpos antitransglutaminase tecidual guinea pig e posteriormente nos positivos, dosados os anticorpos anti-endomísio e antitransglutaminase tecidual humana. RESULTADOS: A soroprevalência para doença celíaca através do anticorpo antitransglutaminase tecidual guinea pig foi de 5 por cento (42/831; IC de 95 por cento: 3,76 por cento-6,90 por cento), considerando os três testes positivos a soroprevalência foi de 1,9 por cento (16/831; IC de 95 por cento: 1,83 por cento-1.97 por cento). A concordância do TTGhumana com o anticorpos anti-endomísio foi de 71 por cento. CONCLUSÕES: A soroprevalência de doença celíaca foi elevada. A triagem sorológica em crianças e adolescentes que apresentem sinais e/ou sintomas compatíveis deve ser realizada rotineiramente, bem como nos grupos de risco já conhecidos, dada a sua alta soroprevalência observada em nosso meio.


BACKGROUND: Celiac disease is a common problem affecting children and adults, for which early diagnosis and treatment prevent complications and deaths. Seroprevalence studies in our environment are still scarce. AIMS: To determine the seroprevalence of celiac disease by using human tissue antiendomysial and anti-transglutaminase antibodies, among children and adolescents who were attended at a general pediatric outpatient clinic. METHODS: This was a seroprevalence study of descriptive cross-sectional design. First, assays for guinea pig tissue anti-transglutaminase antibodies were performed. Subsequently, in the positive cases, assays for human tissue antiendomysial and anti-transglutaminase antibodies were performed. RESULTS: The seroprevalence of celiac disease by means of anti-guinea pig tissue anti-transglutaminase antibodies was 5 percent (42/831; 95 percent CI: 3.76 percent-6.90 percent). Considering three positive tests, the seroprevalence was 1.9 percent (16/831; 95 percent CI: 1.83 percent-1.97 percent). The concordance of human anti-transglutaminase with antiendomysial was 71 percent. CONCLUSIONS: The seroprevalence of celiac disease was high. Serological screening for celiac disease among children and adolescents who present signs and/or symptoms compatible with celiac disease should be performed routinely, as well as in groups already known to be at risk, given the high seroprevalence of celiac disease observed in our environment.


Sujets)
Adolescent , Animaux , Enfant , Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Femelle , Cochons d'Inde , Humains , Mâle , Autoanticorps/sang , Maladie coeliaque/épidémiologie , Transglutaminases/immunologie , Brésil/épidémiologie , Études transversales , Maladie coeliaque/diagnostic , Dépistage de masse , Études séroépidémiologiques
8.
São Paulo; s.n; 2008. 84 p. tab, graf.
Thèse Dans Portugais | LILACS | ID: lil-528227

Résumé

Objetivo: Analisar através de metodologia molecular a microbiota fecal de recém-nascidos (RN) saudáveis, em aleitamento materno exclusivo. Materiais e métodos: Amostras fecais de dez RN foram avaliadas no 2º, 7º e 30º dias de vida (DV), através de sequenciamento do 16S rDNA bacteriano. Real-time PCR para bifidobacterias foi empregado nas amostras de 30 dias. Resultados: A diversidade bacteriana fecal aumentou do 2º para o 30º DV. E. coli predominou no 2º e 7º DV, e Clostridium no 30º DV. Usando real-time PCR, bifidobacterias foram identificadas em todas as amostras de 30 dias. Conclusão: Enterobacterias predominaram na primeira semana de vida. Aos 30 DV observou-se uma maior diversidade bacteriana, com predomínio de Clostridium. A técnica inicial não permitiu identificar bifidobacterias.


Purpose: To evaluate by molecular methodology the fecal microbiota of healthy newborns, exclusively breastfed. Materials and methods: Fecal samples from ten neonates were analyzed on 2nd, 7th and 30th day of life, using 16S rDNA sequencing and real-time PCR for bifidobacteria. Results: The fecal bacteria diversity increased from the second to the 30th day of life. E. coli was predominant in the fecal samples from the 2nd and 7th day of life, and Clostridium.in the samples of the 30th day. Using real-time PCR bifidobacteria were identified in all 30th day samples. Conclusion: Enterobacteria were predominant in the first week of life. On 30th day of life a greater bacterial diversity was observed with predominance of Clostridium. The initial technique didnt allow the identification of bifidobacteria.


Sujets)
Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Nouveau-né , Techniques de typage bactérien , Nouveau-né , Intestins/microbiologie , Réaction de polymérisation en chaîne
9.
Pediatria (Säo Paulo) ; 28(2): 117-127, 2006. tab
Article Dans Portugais | LILACS | ID: lil-450873

Résumé

Objetivo: avaliar a instalação e evolução da microflora intestinal, assim como o impacto nas condições de saúde e doença. Fontes Pesquisadas: a base de dados Medline. Síntese dos dados: na maior parte, a microflora bacteriana intestinal é benéfica ao hospedeiro, com função...


Objective: to evaluate the intetinal microflora installment and evolution as its impact on health and disease. Data source: medline data basis. Data synthesis: most of the intestinal bacterial microflora is beneficial for the host, with digestive functions...


Sujets)
Humains , Infections à Enterobacteriaceae/physiopathologie , Intestins/microbiologie , Intestins/physiopathologie
SÉLECTION CITATIONS
Détails de la recherche