The expression of p57(kip2) in normal ovaries and ovarian tumors / 대한산부인과학회지

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to investigate the expression of CDK (Cyclin dependent kinase) inhibitor, p57(kip2) in human ovarian corpus luteum, benign and malignant ovarian tumors. METHODS: 46 women undergoing laparoscopic surgery or laparotomy for ovarian tumors were enrolled. Total 46 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of corpus luteum, benign and malignant ovarian tumors were stained by immunohistochemistry for expression of p57(kip2). RESULTS: p57(kip2) was stained in theca cell of growing follicle but not induced in human corpus luteum. There was the expression of p57(kip2) in mature teratoma, immature teratoma and endometrioma but not in epithelial ovarian tumors. CONCLUSIONS: These results showed that p57(kip2) expression may be not important in luteinization of the ovary and seemed not to play a role in development of epithelial ovarian tumors. However, it may involve pathogenesis of mature teratoma, immature teratoma and endometrioma.

Malignant Deciduoid Mesothelioma: A Case Report

Malignant deciduoid mesothelioma is a rare malignant neoplasm occurring in the peritoneum of young women. We report a case of malignant deciduoid mesothelioma that occurred in the omentum of a 47-year-old woman. The patient had never exposed to asbestos and had no history of cesarean section. The lesions were multiple infiltrative nodules affected the peritoneal cavity, omentum, and surface of the uterus with both ovaries. Microscopically, the nodules were composed of mesothelial cells similar to decidual cells

Esophageal Ulcer by Thermal Injury from Steamed Egg / 대한소화기내시경학회지

The common causes of esophageal ulcers include severe reflux esophagitis, carcinomas, pill-induced esophagitis, viral diseases, caustic injury, foreign bodies and radiation injury. In rare cases, they can also be caused by Crohn's disease, Behcet's disease, syphilis and idiopathic causes. A thermal injury caused by the ingestion of hot food has not been reported to be a cause of esophageal ulcers. We report an alcoholic who developed an esophageal ulcer and odynophagia after ingesting part of an extremely hot steamed egg with a review of the few available reports regarding such injuries. We suggest that the ingestion of extremely hot food should also be considered a cause of esophageal ulcers.

Clinical features of gastritis cystica profunda in patients without history of gastric surgery (Gastric Cancer Patients vs. Non-cancerous Patients) / 대한내과학회지

BACKGROUND: The relationship between gastric cancer and gastritis cystica profunda (GCP) has been frequently reported on, but there have been no systemic studies on whether or not GCP is a precancerous lesion. The aim of this study is to retrospectively analyze the groups in which some of the patients were accompanied by carcinoma and the other patients were non-cancerous (35 GCP cases were without previous surgery). METHODS: From February 2000 through July 2005, 35 cases of GCP without antecedent gastric surgery were diagnosed histologically. We reviewed the medical records, the endoscopic findings and the histologic findings of the patients. RESULTS: In these cases, the age ranged from 33 and 82 years (mean: 63+/-10.1 years). The endoscopic findings of GCP were various: there were 6 erosions and 9 ulcers in the cancer group and 12 polyps in the non-cancer group (p=0.000). The mean size of the lesions was 21.4+/-17.8 mm in the cancer group and 14.6+/-9.3 mm in the non-cancer group (p=0.337). Hypertension was associated with 15 cases (42.9%) in the cancer group and with 2 cases (5.7%) in the non-cancer group (p=0.000). There were 13 smokers (37.1%) in the cancer group and 6 smokers (17.1%) in the non-cancer group (p=0.028). For the histologic findings, 6 GCP patients were associated with dysplasia of adenomas, 4 GCP patients with intestinal metaplasias and 28 GCP patients (80%) with precancerous lesions and carcinomas. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, 18 GCP patients (51.4%) were associated with carcinoma and 10 GCP patients (29%) were associated with precancerous lesions. These results suggest that GCP is a precancerous or paracancerous lesion and it may be one step in the development of carcinoma. The underlying mechanisms of gastric carcinogenesis might be confirmed if we investigate the gene mutations and environmental differences of documented GCP cases that are without previous surgery.

Histologic Change of the Septal Cartilage with the Respect to Trauma History and Age at the Trauma in Nasal Septal Deviation / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The histologic difference of the traumatic nasal septal cartilage from that of non-traumatic has not been extensively studied. The aim of this study was to identify histologic difference in the nasal septal cartilage between traumatic and non-traumatic nasal septal deviation and to find its implication for surgical intervention. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Nasal septal cartilage was obtained from 23 patients who had undergone septoplasty or septorhinoplasty for the nasal septal deviation. The septal cartilage without trauma (7 patients, Group I) and with the history of the trauma at the age under 10-15 years old (8 patients, Group II), and over 25 years old (8 patients, Group III) between May 2003 to February 2005 were included in this study. An approximately 1 x 1 cm sized piece of the septal cartilage was harvested from the site deviated the most. The histologic difference of the septal cartilage by hematoxylineosin staining under a light microscope was performed. RESULTS: The chondrocyte densities were significantly higher in the convex side than in the concave side of the septal cartilage in Group I, II, III. Especially, the increased chondrocyte ratio (convex/concave) were more evident in the septal cartilage traumatized at the age of 10 to 15 years, and the cartilage plate was thicker than the other groups (p<0.001). Also, dystrophic changes of the chondrocytes as representing the chondrocyte differentiation and chondroblast ratio (convex/concave) were significantly higher in the group II than in the other groups (p<0.005). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that age dependent changes in septal cartilage with nasal trauma showed distinctive histologic characteristics. We suggest that these observations will help determine surgical treatment modality for cases of nasal septal deviations with and without trauma.

A case of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome combined with metastatic adenocarcinoma with unknown primary origin / 대한내과학회지

The Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, characterized by mucocutaneous pigmentation and gastrointestinal polyposis, appeares to be transmitted in an autosomal dominant fashion. This syndrome is clinically important because of complications caused by gastrointestinal polyps, such as abdominal pain, gastrointestinal bleeding and intussusception often leading to intestinal obstruction. The possibility of malignany change in the polyp has been a controversial issue. The hamatomatous polyps is not regarded to be premalignanct lesion, generally. But in patients with this syndrome, increased rates of both intestinal and extraintestinal malignancies has been reported. This report is concerned with our experience with a case of 46-year old male patients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome who had an metastatic adenocarcinoma with unknown primary origin.

A Case of Adrenocortical Carcinoma with Concurrent Cushing's Syndrome and Primary Aldosteronism / 대한내분비학회지

An adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare malignancy, which is associated with a poor prognosis. Eighty percent of adrenal tumors are functional, and commonly secrete glucocorticoids alone (45%), glucocorticoids and androgens (45%) or androgen alone (10%). Less than 1% of all cases secrete aldosterone. A case of a 75 year old female patient was experienced, presenting with anadrenocortical carcinoma and associated concurrent Cushing's syndrome and primary aldosteronism. She had complained of left flank pain for 5 months, and also showed clinical features of Cushing's syndrome, hypertension, hypokalemia and a left abdominal mass. An abdominal CT* demonstrated a large left adrenal mass, with necrosis, and a hemorrhage in the left upper abdomen. The plasma renin activity was 0.51 ng/ml/hr, and the serum aldosterone level was increased by 46.4 ng/dL. A low and high dose dexamethasone suppression test revealed no suppression. Histologically, the tumor was diagnosed as a adrenocortical carcinoma. After complete removal of the mass, she received mitotan and prednisolone as adjuvant therapies. Liver and bone metastasis occurred after 6 months of treatment, so was treated with palliative radiotherapy for the bone metastasis

A Case of Adrenocortical Carcinoma with Concurrent Cushing's Syndrome and Primary Aldosteronism / 대한내분비학회지

An adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare malignancy, which is associated with a poor prognosis. Eighty percent of adrenal tumors are functional, and commonly secrete glucocorticoids alone (45%), glucocorticoids and androgens (45%) or androgen alone (10%). Less than 1% of all cases secrete aldosterone. A case of a 75 year old female patient was experienced, presenting with anadrenocortical carcinoma and associated concurrent Cushing's syndrome and primary aldosteronism. She had complained of left flank pain for 5 months, and also showed clinical features of Cushing's syndrome, hypertension, hypokalemia and a left abdominal mass. An abdominal CT* demonstrated a large left adrenal mass, with necrosis, and a hemorrhage in the left upper abdomen. The plasma renin activity was 0.51 ng/ml/hr, and the serum aldosterone level was increased by 46.4 ng/dL. A low and high dose dexamethasone suppression test revealed no suppression. Histologically, the tumor was diagnosed as a adrenocortical carcinoma. After complete removal of the mass, she received mitotan and prednisolone as adjuvant therapies. Liver and bone metastasis occurred after 6 months of treatment, so was treated with palliative radiotherapy for the bone metastasis

A Case of Gastric Carcinoid Tumor Accompanied with Bleeding / 대한소화기내시경학회지

Gastric carcinoid tumor is a rare neoplasm that occupies less than 1% of total gastric tumor. Especially, gastric carcinoid tumor with hemorrhage has been very rare. A sixty-three-year old male patient was admitted to the hospital because of hematemesis and melena. On the endoscopic examination, a 2 cm-long polypoid mass with central ulcer and hemorrhagic erosions was seen on the anterior wall of the mid-body without active bleeding. Endoscopic ultrasonography revealed that the lesion was limited to submucosa without evidence of metastasis to adjacent lymph node. We experienced a case of gastric carcinoid tumor accompanied with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The patient underwent extended wedge resection and omentectomy under the diagnosis of type 3 carcinoid tumor. This tentative diagnosis was based on clinical and pathological findings. We report a case of gastric carcinoid with bleeding that is probably type 3.

Glutamate and GABA concentrations in the cerebellum of novel ataxic mutant Pogo mice

The Pogo mouse is an autosomal recessive ataxic mutant that arose spontaneously in the inbred KJR/MsKist strain derived originally from Korean wild mice. The ataxic phenotype is characterized by difficulty in maintaining posture and side to side stability, faulty coordination between limbs and trunk, and the consequent inability to walk straight. In the present study, the cerebellar concentrations of glutamate and GABA were analyzed, since glutamate is a most prevalent excitatory neurotransmitter whereas gammar-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is one of the most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitters, which may be the main neurotransmitters related with the ataxia and epilepsy. The concentration of glutamate of cerebellum decreased significantly in ataxic mutant Pogo mouse compared to those of control mouse. However, GABA concentration was not decrease. These results suggested that the decrease in glutamate concentration may contribute to ataxia in mutant Pogo mouse.

Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Lung: A Case Report / 대한흉부외과학회지

A 48-year-old man whose symptom had intermittent right chest pain and x-ray film revealed large mass on right mid lung fields was examined. A conclusive histological diagnosis of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma was made following bilobectomy. Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is an uncommon pulmonary neoplasm, which is characterized by large cell size and low nuclear to cytoplasmic. This tumor shows prominent organoid nests of tumor cells with peripheral palisading and rosette-like structures. We experienced one case of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of lung and report it with references.

Primary Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma of the Liver: A case report

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of the liver is uncommon, representing less than 1% of the primary malignant lesions of the liver. We report primary MFH of the liver in a 59-year-old woman. The tumor, measuring 9.0 9.0 6.0 cm, was located in the left lobe of the liver. It showed multiple areas of hemorrhage and necrosis. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of plump spindle cells haphazardly arranged in short fascicle and focal storiform pattern. Multiple bizarre giant cells were also noted. Immunohistochemically, many of the tumor cells were positive for vimentin and alpha1-antitrypsin but negative for epithelial markers. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells showed fibroblastic and histiocytic features.

Mediastinal Hemangioma: Report of a case

Benign hemangioma of the mediastinum is rare. This slowly growing tumor is described as well circumscribed, cystic, hemorrhagic tumor. Histologically it can be differentiated into capillary or cavernous form. We present a case of mediastinal hemangioma. A 20-year-old-man was presented with a slowly growing posterior mediastinal mass of 6 years duration, 8x6 cm in size. The mass was relatively well defined but focally invasive. Microscopically, it was differentiated into vessels of capillary, cavernous, and venous patterns. A solid cellular proliferation with inconspicuous capillary lumens was focally seen. The stroma between variable-sized vessels showed marked myxoid change associated with some smooth muscle bundles and adipose tissue. Ultrastructurally, areas of solid cellular proliferation showed formation of lumens. These lumens were lined by active endothelial cells showing plasmalemmal vesicles and Weibel-Palade bodies on the abluminal surface.