A Rare Case of Bowel Gangrene in Pregnancy : A Surgical and Obstetric Catastrophe.

An unusual case of bowel gangrene involving jejunum upto the middescending colon leading to septicaemic shock, presented as a case of placental abruption with IUD with shock. Case Report : The 25 year old primigravida patient with 34 weeks of gestation was referred from peripheral obstetrician to SVNGMC, in a state of shock with clinical features suggestive of concealed type of placental abruption with IUD. In view of placental abruption with shock, emergency caesarean section was performed. Per Operative Findings: Foul smelling peritoneal fluid, IUD. Baby with placental separation with RP clot and gangrenous bowel from jejunum to middescending colon. As such long segment of bowel was involved; surgeon decided resection and end to end anastomosis was not possible. Propable diagnosis like superior mesenteric artery thrombosis/ Embolism was made. pt was put on low dose inj. Heparin and later managed in Surgical I.C.U. & succumbed on day 3 postop. Conclusion: Hypercoagulable state normally found in pregnant women which is believed to result in superior mesenteric vessel thrombosis and then intestinal ischaemia. It is extremely important not to miss any complaint like pain in abdomen and other G.I. complaints that may have any surgical or medical pathology associated with pregnancy.

ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF STARCH FROM MANGROVES Aegiceras corniculatum (L.) Blanco and Cynometra iripa Kostel.

The present investigation deals with the isolation and characterization of starch from mangroves Aegiceras corniculatum and Cynometra iripa. Aegiceras is one of the important mangrove genera, which is an indicator of fresh water influence. Cynometra iripa is critically endangered species from west coast of Maharashtra. The propagules of A. corniculatum are starchy, therefore the starch from these propagules was isolated and properties of starch were studied. From the fruits of Cynometra iripa starch was isolated. Isolated starch was employed to techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), gelatinization and X-ray diffraction. Starch granules are variable in size and shape. Starch granules of A. corniculatum are round, oval and lenticular in shape with an average size 5μm, while in C. iripa starch granules are round and oval in shape with an average size 7 μm. The gelatinization temperature range varies from 600C to 900C; while in C. iripa range varies from 500C to 1000C. The range of temperature in both the mangroves is comparatively higher than other starch sources.

Salt tolerance in seedlings of the mangrove cynometra iripa kostel.

Present paper describes the growth and ion contents from seedlings of the mangrove Cynometra iripa Kostel. over a range of salinity, using Nacl and Na2SO4 as the major ion in a soil culture. The seedlings of C. iripa grew well at salinity levels up to 0.1M NaCl and 0.1M Na2SO4 . Growth was inhibited at salinity levels above 0.2M NaCl and 0.2M Na2SO4. Chloride decreased in Na2 SO4 treated seedlings. Proline accumulation was found to be increased with salinity in both treatments. Higher activities of catalase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase were noticed in seedlings. Effect of Cl salinity is more prominent than that of SO4 salinity. Chlorophylls, carotenoids, TAN, polyphenol and free amino acids contents are decreased after critical concentration 0.1M NaCl and Na2SO4.

Detection rate of prostate cancer using prostate specific antigen in patients presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms: a retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Need for undertaking prostate biopsies for detection of prostate cancer is often decided on the basis of serum levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA). AIM: To evaluate the case detection rate of prostate cancer among patients presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) on the basis of PSA levels and to assess the scope of prostate biopsy in these patients. SETTING AND DESIGN: A retrospective study from a tertiary care center. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical and histopathological data of 922 patients presenting with LUTS in the last five years was obtained from the medical record section. They had been screened for prostate cancer using PSA and /or digital rectal examination examination followed by confirmation with prostate biopsy. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Detection rate and receiver operating characteristic curve were performed using SPSS 16 and Medcalc softwares. RESULTS: The detection rate of prostate cancer according to the PSA levels was 0.6%, 2.3%, 2.5%, 34.1% and 54.9% in the PSA range of 0-4, 4-10, 10-20, 20-50 and> 50 ng/ml, respectively. Maximum prostate cancer cases were detected beyond a PSA value of 20 ng/ml whereas no significant difference in the detection rate was observed in the PSA range of 0-4, 4-10 and 10-20 ng/ml. CONCLUSION: A low detection rate of prostate cancer observed in the PSA range of 4-20 ng/ml in LUTS patients indicates the need for use of higher cutoff values of PSA in such cases. Therefore we recommend a cutoff of 20 ng/ml of PSA for evaluation of detection rate of prostate cancer among patients presenting with LUTS.