The Effect of Human Amniotic Membrane, Epidermal Cells and Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Healing a Skin Defect / 대한정형외과학회잡지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the transplantation results of human amniotic membrane (HAM), epidermal cells, or marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in healing a skin defect. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Defects (full-thickness) in rabbits were treated with HAM alone (group A), HAM injected with cultivated epidermal cells (group B), HAM injected with cultivated MSCs (group C), or Vaseline gauze (group D). Tissue granulation, regeneration, re-epithelization and healing time were measured. Defects and healed area were calculated 2 weeks after surgery. RESULTS: The mean healing area was 67.5%, 81.7%, 83.2% and 49.5% in each group, with all treatment groups significantly different than group D (p<0.01), and groups B and C compared higher than group A (p<0.05). The healing time of groups A, B, and C was 5.7 to 6.4 days faster than that of group D (p<0.01). Histologic analysis showed that the new epidermis covered nearly the whole wound surface in group B and C, and contained granulated tissue with fibroblasts, capillaries, and collagen. CONCLUSION: HAM grafts injected with cultivated epidermal cells or MSCs promoted healing of skin defects.

Fine Classification and Treatment Outcome of Lateral Condyle Fracture of the Humerus in Children / 대한정형외과학회잡지

PURPOSE: This paper reports the outcome and complications of a lateral condyle fracture of the humerus in children treated by the fine classification of Jakob stage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-five cases of a lateral condyle fracture of the humerus in children were treated according to the fine classification of the Jakob stage. There were 4 cases of Jakob stage Ia fractures treated with the application of a simple cast; 16 cases of Jakob stage Ib & IIa fractures treated with a closed reduction and k-wire pinning; and 25 cases of Jakob stages IIb & III fractures treated with an open reduction and K-wire pinning. The average follow-up period was 25 months. RESULTS: Postoperative complications were seen in 18 cases. As minor complications, there were 2 cases of delayed union, 5 cases of hypertrophy of the lateral condyle and 10 cases of osteophyte formation. As major complications, 1 case of avascular necrosis and limitation of motion developed. There were no serious complications such as nonunion, malunion, ectopic ossification, early arrest of the growth plate, and nerve injury. The clinical outcomes were excellent in all but one case of a joint motion limitation. CONCLUSION: The fine classification of the Jakob stage is effective in determining the treatment method for lateral condyle fractures of the humerus in children.

Meniscus Repair using Meniscus Arrow: Preliminary Report

No abstract available.

The Changes of Neurotransmitters in Central Sensitization after Peripheral Nerve Injury in Rats / 대한정형외과학회잡지

There has been much interest in the involvement of wind-up in the hyperalgesia and allodynia of chronic pain syndrome. For investigating the hehaviorml parallels of this wind-up phenomenon, it was limed to evaluate the changes of neurotransmitters(aspartate. lutamate, and taurine) in central sensitization after formalin-induced peripheral nerve injurv in the rats. The experiment was divided into two subexperiments; One was the formalin test.;and the other was microdialysis for evaluation of neurotransmitters. In formalin test (n=7), 50 microliter of 5% formalin was injected suhcutaneously in the foot dorsum of the right hind limb with a 30 G neeclle. To cluantify the formilin response. the number of spontaneous t1inches was counted at 1-2 minutes and 5-6 minutes and at 5 minutes intervals during the period 10- 60 minutes after formalin injeclion. In microdialysis study. the experimental animals were divided randomly into two groups. In experimentl group (n=10). the microdialysis catheter was perfused with artificial cerehrospinal fluid by 3 microliter/min for one hour. Then. the two beseline dialysis samples were collected and 50 microliter of 5% formalin was injected .iuhcutaneously in thc plantar surface of the right hind paw with a 30 G needle. Three 10 minutes dialysate samples were collected after formalin injection. In control group(n=10), the normal saline instead of formalin was used. The results were as followed: In formalin test, there was a biphasic pattern of flinchine after formalin injection. The peak in phase I was shown at 2 minutes after formalin injection. The second peak was shown at 35 minutes alter formalin injection during phase II. In microdialysis study, thcre were statistically significant increascs of aspartate and lutamate concentrations, excitatory neuro transmitters, during the first 10 minutes after formalin injection. After lhen, all values of these neurotransmitters were rcturned to baseline values. The concentrations of taurine, an inhihitory neurotransmitter, was shown a tendency of an increase after formalin injection but, it was not statistically significant. From these results, it secms that the excitatory amino acid ncurotransmitter may partly play a role to triqer the central sensitization after peripheral nerve injury.