Effects of Placenta Granules on outcome of mild stimulation protocol / 中成药

AIM To observe the effects of Placenta Granules (Hominis placenta) on endometrial receptivity and embryo outcome.METHODS Ninety infertile patients meeting the kidney Qi deficiency syndrome were randomly divided into H.placenta group (treatment group) and control group.The endometrial thickness,endometrial morphology,blood flow,ovum pick-up number,fertilization number,developmental embryo number,highquality embryo number,pregnancy rate,implantation rate and abnormal pregnancy rate were observed in the two groups.RESULTS There were significant differences in blood flow,numbers of developmental embryo and high-quality embryo (P ＜ 0.05).Ten cases in the control group and fourteen cases in the treatment group reached standard for fresh embryo transplantation.The number of HCG positive in the control group was four cases,which was lower than six cases in the treatment group.There were three cases in the control group on number of clinical pregnancy,and six cases in the treatment group.There were four cases in the control group on implantation rate,and nine cases in the treatment group.All the differences were not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION Placenta Granules can improve the endometrial receptivity and high-quality embryo number in ovarian-stimulation stage under mild stimulation protocol,showing a rising trend in clinical pregnancy rate.

Effects of Placenta Granules on outcome of mild stimulation protocol / 中成药

AIM To observe the effects of Placenta Granules (Hominis placenta) on endometrial receptivity and embryo outcome.METHODS Ninety infertile patients meeting the kidney Qi deficiency syndrome were randomly divided into H.placenta group (treatment group) and control group.The endometrial thickness,endometrial morphology,blood flow,ovum pick-up number,fertilization number,developmental embryo number,highquality embryo number,pregnancy rate,implantation rate and abnormal pregnancy rate were observed in the two groups.RESULTS There were significant differences in blood flow,numbers of developmental embryo and high-quality embryo (P ＜ 0.05).Ten cases in the control group and fourteen cases in the treatment group reached standard for fresh embryo transplantation.The number of HCG positive in the control group was four cases,which was lower than six cases in the treatment group.There were three cases in the control group on number of clinical pregnancy,and six cases in the treatment group.There were four cases in the control group on implantation rate,and nine cases in the treatment group.All the differences were not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION Placenta Granules can improve the endometrial receptivity and high-quality embryo number in ovarian-stimulation stage under mild stimulation protocol,showing a rising trend in clinical pregnancy rate.

Study of endorectal ultrasonography in the staging of rectal cancer / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>There is no consensus regarding the performance for endorectal ultrasonography (ERUS) at every stage of rectal cancer. Thus, the purpose of our study was to further assess the value of ERUS in the preoperative staging of rectal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective study was performed with 44 consecutive patients (mean age: (63.3 ± 10.2) years) who underwent surgical treatment for endorectal carcinoma and were preoperatively evaluated using Biplane ERUS between September 2008 and December 2010. We compared the ERUS staging with the pathological findings based on surgical specimens.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>ERUS staging agreed with the histologic staging in 39 of the 44 (88.6%) patients: the agreement on the depth of transmural invasion was good (κ = 0.73; 95%CI: 0.60 - 0.86, P = 0.000). The detection sensitivities of rectal cancer with ERUS were as follows: T1 85.7%, T2 87.5%, T3 88.9%, and T4 100.0% with specificity values of T1 97.3%, T2 92.9%, T3 96.2%, and T4 97.6%. ERUS correctly staged patients with T1 95.5%, T2 90.9%, T3 70.5%, and T4 97.7%. The positive predictive value of ERUS was lowest for T4 (75%), but highest for T3 (94.1%) followed by T2 (87.5%) and T1 (85.7%); the negative predictive values of ERUS from high to low were ordered as T4 (100%), T1 (97.3%), T2 (92.9%), and T3 (92.6%). The percentage of total over-staged cases was 4.5% and the under-staged cases was 6.8%. The extent of perirectal lymph node metastases was determined with a sensitivity of 68.4% (13/19), specificity of 80.0% (20/25), and diagnostic accuracy of 75.0% (33/44).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Biplane ERUS has a high diagnostic accuracy for tumoral invasion of the rectal wall at every T stage, but relatively low diagnostic accuracy for lymph node metastases.</p>

Survival and prognostic analysis of radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the survival of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and investigate the prognostic factors affecting overall survival, local recurrence-free survival and disease-free survival in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 192 HCC patients underwent RFA treatment in our department and were enrolled into this study. Among them, 151 patients were males and 41 were females (mean age, 59.2 years, range, 24 - 87 years old). The average tumor size was (3.9 +/- 1.3) cm (range, 1.2 - 8.0 cm). Of these 192 HCC patients, their Child-Pugh grade of A, B and C were 106, 77 and 9, respectively. According to UICC-TNM system, 57, 85, 44 and 6 patients were in stage I, II, III and IV respectively. Kaplan-Meier model and log-rank test were used in univariate analysis and COX regression model was used in multivariate analysis to identify prognostic factors for survival.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 1-, 2-, 3- and 4-year overall survival were 84.9%, 69.1%, 60.4% and 52.8%, respectively. Local recurrence-free survival were 75.1%, 53.8%, 43.9% and 40.8%, respectively. Disease-free survival were 64.3%, 43.2%, 37.1% and 25.0%, respectively. The following factors were identified as independent prognostic factors for survival by multivariate model: (1) Overall survival: Child-Pugh classification, standard treatment protocol and UICC-TNM staging. (2) Local recurrence-free survival: Child-Pugh classification and UICC-TNM staging. (3) Disease-free survival: UICC-TNM staging, Child-Pugh classification and daughter lesion. Among these, both Child-Pugh classification and UICC-TNM staging were independent prognostic factors for three kinds of survivals.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Degree of tumor progress (UICC-TNM stage, daughter lesion), treatment method (applying of standard treatment protocol) and patients' liver function are the most important factors for survival after RFA. So application of proper treatment strategy before, during and after RFA should be required to improve survival.</p>

Mechanism of gentamicin induced ototoxicity and the neuroprotective effect mediated by baicalin / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Gentamicin(GM) -induced ototoxicity relates to the permanent injury on the spinal ganglion cells, which are important to the process of hearing and communication.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism underlying antioxidant effect of baicalin(BA) on GM-treated mouse spinal ganglion cells (SCGs).DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial.SETTING and MATERIALS: The research was completed in the Guandong Medical College. Twenty Kunming mice of either gender( clean grade) weighing(15±2) g were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of Guangdong Medical College (certificate number: 2003A026). The mice were kept at the environment temperature of 28℃ with relative humidity of 70%.INTERVENTIONS: Twenty mice were randomly divided into control group , GM group(with GM treatment only), BA group(with BA treatment only)and GM + BA group(with GM combined with BA treatment). GM was administered in the GM and GM + BA groups via intraperitoneal injection at 100 mg/kg for 10 consecutive days, and BA was given in BA and GM + BA groups similarly at 100 mg/kg. In the control group, the mice Received saline injection in equivalent volume in the same manner.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The activities of the antioxidative enzymes superoxide dismutase(T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX) were evaluated and the contents of lipid peroxidation substance malondialdehyde (MDA) measured with ultraviolet (UV) chromatography in SCGs in different treatments.RESULTS: BA could reverse the GM-induced low activities of T-SOD (from 46. 50 to 27.86 NU/mL, P ＜ 0. 01) and GSH-PX(from 83.77 to 42. 34 U,P ＜ 0. 01 ) , and limited the GM-induced high content of MDA(from 11.87 to 17.03 μmol/L, P ＜ 0.01) in SGC.CONCLUSION: BA produces neuroprotective effect on SGCs through eliminating superoxide radicals and inhibiting lipid peroxidation in the event of GM exposure.

Protective effect of baicalin-mediated on mice spinal ganglion cells against gentamicin-induced ototoxicity / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To study the protective effect of baicalin (BA) against the ototoxicity of gentamicin (GM) of mice spinal ganglion (SG) cells. METHODS: MTT assay was employed to determine the growth inhibition of GM on the SG cells. The activities of superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured by UV chromatography in SG cells from mice of different groups. RESULTS:Baicalin reversibly limited the GM-induced growth inhibition of SG cells in a dose-dependent manner. BA increased the activity of T-SOD and GM-induced decreased activity of T-SOD and GSH-PX in SG cells. The compound could also reduce MDA level and limite the GM-induced high content of MDA in SG cells. CONCLUSION: Baicalin mediated neuroprotective effect on SG cells is against gentamicin-induced ototoxicity through anti-oxidant.

Role of cGMP-dependent protein kinase against ethanol neurotoxicity of cerebellar granule cells / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To analyze the function of cGMP-dependent protein kinase(PKG)in the survival of cultured rat cerebellar granule cells(CGC).Methods CGC culture was incubated for 24 h before addition of ethanol and different reagents,such as Deta-NONOate(a NO donor),Br-cGMP and Rp-8-pCPT-cGMPS(a cGMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor).After the treatment,samples were incubated for another 24 h,then the cells were collected and counted by using hemocytometer.Results Deta-NONOate and Br-cGMP enhanced the cell survival in the absence of ethanol,indicating their neurotrophic effects.They showed neuroprotective effect on the cultured CGC since they could reduce the ethanol-induced cell death.Inhibiting PKG with Rp-8-pCPT-cGMPS could eliminate both neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects mediated by Deta-NONOate and Br-cGMP.Conclusion cGMP-dependent protein kinase plays a key role in the cultured CGC survival and protects the cells against ethanol neurotoxicity.