Résumé
RESUMO Indivíduos com Trissomia do 21 podem apresentar hipotonia muscular dos órgãos fonoarticulatórios, língua alargada, posicionada no assoalho oral e protrusa e ausência de selamento labial. A placa palatina de memória é um dispositivo intraoral que, associado à terapia miofuncional, visa à melhora da postura habitual dos lábios e da língua dessas crianças. O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar os casos de quatro crianças com Trissomia do 21, do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 6,7 e desvio-padrão de 7,8 meses, que fizeram uso da placa palatina de memória de forma associada à terapia miofuncional. As crianças utilizaram a placa por seis meses, realizaram exercícios baseados na terapia de regulação orofacial e receberam orientações quanto à alimentação e retirada de hábitos orais deletérios. Na primeira sessão e ao final do tratamento, foi realizada a gravação de 5 minutos da face de cada criança em repouso e a análise da postura habitual de língua e de lábios foi realizada por dois pesquisadores independentes. Observou-se maior melhora da postura de língua e de lábios dos participantes que iniciaram o tratamento mais precocemente e que apresentavam as alterações posturais mais severas.
ABSTRACT Individuals with trisomy 21 may have muscle hypotonia of the speech articulation organs, an enlarged protruding tongue positioned on the floor of the mouth, and a lack of lip closure. The stimulating palatal plate is an intraoral appliance that, associated with myofunctional therapy, aims to improve these children's habitual lip and tongue posture. This study aimed to present the cases of four male children with trisomy 21, with a mean age of 6.7 and a standard deviation of 7.8 months, who used the stimulating palatal plate in association with myofunctional therapy. The children used the plate for 6 months and did exercises based on the orofacial regulation therapy, and their parents received instructions on feeding them and removing deleterious oral habits. In the first session and at the end of the treatment, each child's face was video-recorded for 5 minutes at rest, and two researchers analyzed independently their habitual tongue and lip posture. Participants who began the treatment earlier and had the most severe postural changes had greater tongue and lip posture improvement.
Résumé
Abstract The purpose of the present study was to compare the perceptions of the parents/ caregivers of young people with and without Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) with regards to their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). A cross-sectional study was conducted with 29 individuals with MPS and 29 normotypic individuals aged three to 21 years and their parents/caregivers. All parents/caregivers of young people with MPS in follow-up at two reference hospitals in the city of Belo Horizonte, southeastern Brazil, were invited to participate in the study. Individuals without MPS were recruited from the pediatric clinics of both hospitals. Parents/caregivers answered a structured questionnaire addressing the sociodemographic characteristics, behavioral habits and medical and dental history of the children as well as the Brazilian short-form version of the Parental-Caregiver (P-CPQ). The individuals with and without MPS were examined for malocclusion, dental caries and oral hygiene by an examiner who had undergone training and calibration exercises. Mean age of the subjects was 12.1 years (± 4.2). Comparing total P-CPQ scores and scores on the oral symptoms, functional limitations and wellbeing domains, the parents/caregivers individuos with MPS reported a statistically significant greater negative impact on OS domain than their counterparts. Regarding the clinical variables, malocclusion was also associated a greater negative impact on OHRQoL of young people with MPS when compared to those of young people without MPS. Our findings show the great negative impact caused by the malocclusion of young people with MPS.