Left-sided giant adrenal myelolipoma secreting catecholamine.

Adrenal myelolipoma (AML) is a rare benign tumor composed of mature adipose and hematopoietic tissue. Most of these patients are asymptomatic and the tumors are non-secreting. We present a case with a large functional adrenal myelolipoma, wherein the patient was hypertensive and biochemistry revealed increase in 24 hours urinary Vanillylmandelic Acid (VMA), a metabolite of catecholamine. The mass was removed surgically and diagnosed as adrenal myelolipoma on histopathological examination. Both his blood pressure and urinary VMA returned to normal following surgery, which suggested that the mass was functioning and was secreting catecholamine. To the best of our knowledge, a catecholamine secreting adrenal myelolipoma has been reported in the literature only once previously. The association of hypertension and adrenal myelolipoma may not be entirely coincidental, as it may be associated with secreting catecholamine, as seen in our case. We also review the literature on functioning adrenal myelolipoma.

A Clinical Review on a Polyherbal Formulation, Renalka Syrup in Urinary Tract Infection.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common bacterial infections in general practice and are responsible for considerable morbidity in certain groups. UTI can be defined as a condition wherein bacteria multiply within the urinary tract. Numerous antimicrobial agents are used to treat UTIs with mixed clinical response. Recurrent UTI, despite antimicrobial treatment is a cause of clinical concern due to their adverse effects on long-term and also because of rising incidence of drug resistance. Hence alternative agents, other than antimicrobial drugs, that are beneficial in treating UTI are required. Recently, there has been emphasis on the search for herbal preparations that can be helpful in the management of urinary disorders. In the Indian medical literature, many drugs have been advocated for this indication. Renalka syrup is a well-balanced, multi-ingredient formula with proven value in a variety of urinary disorders. It is a natural and effective alkalizer. The potent herbs possess analgesic, anti-inflammatory and diuretic activity without increasing excretion of electrolytes such as sodium, chloride and bicarbonate. Renalka syrup not only relieves burning micturition, but also soothes inflamed urinary mucosa. It restores normal urinary pH and normalizes the frequency of micturition. It is effective for long-term prophylaxis of UTI. Several clinical trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of this herbal urinary alkalizer in bacteriologically-proven UTIs. It was found to be safe and effective in relieving the symptoms of UTI. Five clinical studies conducted with Renalka syrup on substantial sample size are discussed in the review.