Network Meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of oral Chinese patent medicines combined with conventional western medicine in treatment of hypertension / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to systematically evaluate the effect of oral Chinese patent medicines on hypertension with network Meta-analysis. Randomized controlled trials on the treatment of hypertension with oral Chinese patent medicine combined with conventional western medicine were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase, and Cochrane Library(from establishment of the database to August 2021). Two researchers independently screened the articles, extracted the data, and evaluated article quality. Then R 4.1.0 was employed for data analysis. Finally, 195 eligible articles were screened out, involving 22 546 patients and 18 oral Chinese patent medicines. The results of the network Meta-analysis are as follows. In terms of reducing systolic blood pressure(SBP) and diastolic blood pressure(DBP), Xuesaitong, Qiangli Dingxuan Tablets, Songling Xuemaikang Capsules combined with conventional western medicine are superior. In improving blood lipids, the overall effects of Xinmaitong Capsules, Compound Xueshuantong Capsules, Ginkgo Folium preparations, Yindan Xinnaotong Soft Capsules, and Naoxintong Capsules combined with conventional western medicine are outstanding. In terms of regulating endothelial function, Yindan Xinnaotong Soft Capsules, Xinmaitong Capsules, Zhenju Jiangya Tablets, Compound Danshen Dripping Pills, Xuesaitong with conventional western medicine have certain advantages. As for the safety, the incidence of adverse reactions of conventional western medicine combined with oral Chinese patent medicines is lower than that of conventional western medicine alone. In summary, compared with conventional western medicine alone, the 18 oral Chinese patent medicines combined with conventional western medicine in the treatment of hypertension show advantages in improving blood pressure, blood lipids, and endothelial function. Among them, Xuesaitong, Qiangli Dingxuan Tablets, and Songling Xuemaikang Capsules may be the best oral Chinese patent medicines for lowering blood pressure. The conclusion needs to be further verified by more high-quality studies.

Clinical trials and evaluation of Chinese patent medicine for influenza / 中国中药杂志

The clinical randomized controlled trial(RCT) of Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of influenza were reviewed and analyzed to provide basic information for clinical decision and related research. On the basis of the collection in the Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) Clinical Evidence Database System(EVDS), CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, EMbase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library were searched for RCTs of Chinese patent medicine for influenza published from database inception to July 25, 2021. The publication time, sample size, intervention and control measures, course of treatment, outcome indicators, and methodological quality of the trials were analyzed and evaluated. Ninety-two RCTs of Chinese patent medicine for influenza published between 2005 and 2021, were included, among which 17 RCTs(18.48%) had a sample size higher than 200 and the average sample size was about 145. Twenty-seven Chinese patent medicines were involved, including twenty-one oral medicines and six injections. The Chinese patent medicines in trials reported in more than five papers included Lianhua Qingwen Capsules/Gra-nules, Tanreqing Injection, and Reduning Injection. Fourteen intervention protocols were reported, of which Chinese patent medicine+western medicine+conventional treatment vs western medicine+conventional treatment(20.65%) was the most frequently employed. Additionally, 85.87% of the RCTs reported the course of treatment, and 80.43% of the RCTs determined 3-7 d as the intervention course. Forty-five outcome indicators were extracted, which were used 434 times, including symptoms/signs, physicochemical detection, safety events, TCM symptoms/syndromes, quality of life, long-term prognosis, and economic evaluation. Symptoms/signs(61.52%) exhibited the highest frequency. Methodological problems were prevalent in the included trials. The findings reveal that there are few clinical trials on influenza treatment by Chinese patent medicine, and the methodological problems are prominent, affec-ting the reliability and practicability of the trials. In the future research, the value characteristics of Chinese patent medicine should be highlighted and the quality control in the whole process should be strengthened based on the scientific and rigorous design.

Analysis of outcome indexes in randomized controlled trials of traditional Chinese medicine for rheumatic heart disease / 中国中药杂志

The present study analyzed the efficacy evaluation indexes of the randomized controlled trials(RCTs) of Chinese medi-cine in the treatment of rheumatic heart disease to lay the foundation for the construction of the corresponding core outcome index set. Clinical RCTs with a definite diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease were retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Sino Med, Pub Med, EMbase, and Cochrane Library from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2020. Thirty-five RCTs were included, involving 3 314 patients and 41 efficacy evaluation indexes, which covered seven domains [traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) symptoms/syndromes, symp-toms/signs, physical and chemical examination, quality of life, long-term prognosis, economic evaluation, and safety events]. Physi-cal and chemical examination(56. 91%) and symptoms/signs(29. 27%) were the more frequently applied. The number of indexes used in a single trial ranged from 1 to 15, with an average of 4. The measurement time points of the top five indexes in the frequency of use were as follows: total response rate was reported at five measurement time points, ranging from 14 days to 6 months; left ventri-cular ejection fraction was measured at eight time points ranging from 5 days to 6 months; left ventricular end systolic diameter was measured at six time points, ranging from 5 days to 6 months; interleukin-2(IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were repor-ted 28 days after treatment. At present, there are many problems in the efficacy outcome indexes of RCTs in the treatment of rheumatic heart disease with TCM, such as large difference in quantity, unclear primary and secondary indexes, unreasonable selection of " surro-gate indexes", insufficient attention to long-term prognostic indexes and safety event indexes, non-standard application of composite in-dexes, long measurement period, and lack of TCM characteristics. It is urgent to establish the core outcome set for TCM treatment of rheumatic heart disease.

A study on the correlations study among HOMA-IR, obesity and inflammatory factors among middle aged and elderly population / 预防医学

Objective To investigate the distribution of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index and its influencing factorsamong middle and old aged people with normal glucose and to provide the basis for early screening and prevention of type 2diabetes. Methods A total of 229 residents were selected with health records showed normal blood glucose (fasting bloodglucose < 7.0mmol/L, postprandial 2h blood glucose<11.1 mmol/L) and more than 40 years old from July, 2012 to June,2015. Height, weight, waist and hip circumference, and the fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin (FINS), lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL), uric acid, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin -6 (IL-6) were recorded to analyzethe distribution of HOMA-IR and its influencing factors. Results Totally 229 people were included, of which 113 were male(49.34%), 116 female(50.66%) . The average age was(63.58 + 8.85) years old. The average HOMA-IR index was 0.94(1.08) and there were 21 people that HOMA-IR exceed the standard (HOMA-IR≥2.68), accounting for 9.17%.TheHOMA-IR index of different gender, age, waist circumference, hip circumference, uric acid in the elderly had significantdifference (P < 0.05) .Multiple linear regression analysis showed that HOMA-IR index was positively correlated withfemale, waist circumference and IL-6 and was negatively correlated with age. Conclusion The possibility of IR was higherin women with relatively low age, female, central obesity and high IL-6 levels among the middle and old aged people withnormal blood glucose.

Clinical effect of sequential therapy for maxillary central incisor with horizontal mid-root fracture / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical effect of sequential therapy for traumatized maxillary central incisor with horizontal mid-root fracture.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty maxillary central incisors with horizontal mid-root fracture following dental trauma were included in our study. The distance between root fracture plane and root apical segment was more than 5 mm. The sequential therapy included stabilizing the traumatized incisor with a flexible splint after repositioning the coronal segment of the tooth, temporarily filling with calcium hydroxide after root preparation, sealing the root apex with warm gutta-percha obturation technique and internal fixation with fiber post combined with composite resin adhesion. The patients were followed for 6 to 24 months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two cases healed without sign of fracture line and eighteen cases healed with sign of fracture line. No case failed. Abnormal mobility and translocation, percussion pain, gingival swelling, sinus tract and periodontal pocket were not observed in all the traumatized teeth.Radiology showed normal root apex and periodontium.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Sequential therapy for maxillary central incisor with horizontal mid-root fracture could acquire a satisfactory therapeutic effect.</p>

Difference of adherence, proliferation and osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells cultured on different HA/ZrO2 composites / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the adherence, proliferation and osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cultured on different HA/ZrO2 composites.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The simplex and graded HA/ZrO2 compo-sites were prepared using dry-laid method. The surface topography of the composites was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The MSCs were isolated from rabbits and cultured on experimental groups (simplex HA/ZrO2 composite, graded HA/ZrO2 composite, pure HA or pure ZrO2 coatings respectively) and control group (ordinary culture plate). Then, we observed the adherence, proliferation and osteogenesis of the MSCs, detected the cellular alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, extracted total RNA and detected the mRNA expression of collagen I, osteocalcin and osteopontin using the reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The SEM images confirmed that the surface of the simplex HA/ZrO2 composite was coverd by discon-tiguous HA layer with clear visualization of the partial ZrO2 matrix, while the surface of the graded HA/ZrO2 composite was fairly rough with porosity. X-ray diffraction showed that after high temperature sintering, the ZrO2 phase still remained, while the HA phase was transformed to beta-Ca3(PO4)2 , alpha-Ca3(PO4)2 and CaZrO3 phases on the surface of both composites. Cell culture indicated that the HA/ZrO2 composites supported cell attachment. Neither ALP expression nor mRNA expression of collagen I, osteocalcin or osteopontin from RT-PCR results showed significant deviation among four groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Among these four composites, the graded HA/ZrO2 composite promotes the MSCs proliferation and the osteogenic differentiation to a certain extent.</p>

Resection pseudoarthrosis for pelvic malignant tumors around acetabular / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the resection pseudoarthrosis for pelvic malignant tumors around acetabular.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From May 1997 to June 2005, 25 patients with malignant tumors around acetabular were treated surgically with resection pseudoarthrosis. The series comprised 15 males and 10 females with an average age of 42 years old (range from 16 to 75 years old). There were 4 osteosarcomas, 12 chondrosarcomas, 1 Ewing's sarcoma, 1 neuroectodermal tumor, 1 myeloma, 1 malignant fibrohistiocytoma, 2 synovial sarcomas, and 3 metastases. Pseudoarthrosis was performed after resection of pelvic malignant tumors around acetabular. The affected side was protected postoperatively by skin traction with 2 - 3 kg weight for 6 to 8 weeks. After then, the patients walked gradually with a cane.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among 25 patients, 6 had complications (24%). At a follow-up ranging from 3 to 10 years, 11 patients died of lung metastases, 2 relapsed, 12 remained alive free of disease. There was an average crispation of 5 cm (range from 2.5 to 7.5 cm). The patients were functionally evaluated according to Enneking's MSTS criteria in 1993. The average MSTS functional score was 17 points (12 to 19 points). After 3 months postoperative, the patients could sit normally, walk with a cane, and even walk limpingly without cane.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Resection pseudoarthrosis for pelvic malignant tumors around acetabular results in good clinical results at the time of mid-term and long-term follow-up. And pseudoarthrosis is advisable especially for patients with malignant highly tumors around acetabular, poor soft tissue reconstruction condition, high risk for infection, poor economy.</p>

The treatment of knee joint peripheral fractures and/or dislocations with vascular injury / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect and influence factors on knee joint peripheral fractures and/or dislocations with an associated vascular injury through retrospectively study.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From March 2002 to November 2007 31 patients with knee joint peripheral fractures and/or dislocations with an associated vascular injury were treated, including 24 males and 7 females with a mean age of 41 years (range from 21 to 62 years). Definite diagnosis of vascular injury by combining colored ultrasonic, CTA, operative exploration with clinical signs, fixing fractures and/or dislocations with fixators, plates and screws, reconstructing blood circulation based on the condition of the vascular injury by vascular repair, homograft vein or artificial vascular grafting separately and analysing the effects of PSI, diagnosis and treatment methods on salvage lower extremities.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Successful reconstruction was carried out in 31 cases, however there were 1 death because of mult-fractures and brain injury and 6 amputation, 24 cases successful salvage followed up mean 24.2 months, 6 cases bone nonunion and infected bone defect were cured by delayed bone planting or bone transportation. Ligaments repair reconstruction of 7 cases knee joint dislocation were done in delayed 3 or 4 weeks after first operation, the good functional rate was 71.4%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The patients of PSI under 10 grades in knee joint peripheral fractures and/or dislocations with an associated vascular injury should been carried out treatment, early definite diagnosis and blood circulation reconstruction are the key factors of successful salvage treatment.</p>

Long-term result of fibula grafting for reconstruction of the distal radius after giant cell tumor excision / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the long-term result of fibula grafting for reconstruction of the distal radius after giant cell tumor excision.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From March 1994 to November 2004, 31 cases of fibula grafting for reconstruction of the distal radius for giant cell tumors performed were analysed. There were 12 males and 19 females. The patients were from 19 to 48 years old, and the mean age was 31 years. Twenty-four patients had Campanacci grade 3 lesions, and 7 patients had Campanacci grade 2 lesions. There were 6 cases of vascularized fibular grafting and 25 cases of non-vascularized fibular grafting. All cases were evaluated by clinical and radiologic examinations; the movement of the wrist and the grip strength was measured; the MSTS score and Mayo Wrist scores were calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Clinical follow-up time after reconstruction averaged 86.3 months, range from 41 to 169 months. The mean time for bone union at the host-graft junctions was 5.1 months range from 3 to 9 months in vascularized group and 10.3 months range from 7 to 15 months in non-vascularized group. One patient who had non-vascularized fibula grafting developed non-union at the host-graft junction, and one patient had local recurrence (3.2%). Five patients developed an wrist dislocation after surgery. The average movements of the wrist were: 67.3 +/- 9.4 degrees of extension, 31.2 +/- 5.1 degrees of flexion, 14.1 +/- 4.7 degrees of radial deviation, 19.4 +/- 3.9 degrees of ulnar deviation, 33.8 +/- 6.6 degrees of pronation, 15.3 +/- 4.0 degrees of supination. Average grip strength was 33.1 kg range from 15.5 to 52.1 kg. Compared with the contralateral side, there were accounted for 73%. MSTS score averaged 25.5 from 23 to 29, Mayo wrist score averaged 56 from 40 to 65.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>En bloc resection of giant cell tumor of the distal radius followed by reconstruction with a fibula graft is proved to be an effective method and results in a good functional outcome at long term follow-up evaluation. The stability of wrist is achieved by reconstruction of the capsule.</p>

Experience of midfacial distraction osteogenesis in upper airway stenosis / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the therapeutic effects of upper airway stenosis after Le Fort III osteotomy and midfacial distraction osteogenesis (DO).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eleven cases (age, 5-16 yrs) with severe midface dysostosis complicated with exophthalmos, anterior crossbite and upper airway stenosis were treated by using Le Fort III osteotomy and midfacial DO from August 2000 to February 2007. The 3D reconstruction of the upper-airway from CT data was used to evaluate the upper airway volume before and after the operation. And meanwhile polysomnography was carried out to demonstrate the upper airway functional changes.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was a 64.3% mean increase [mean, (9.13 +/- 6.94) ml, P < 0.05] in upper airway volume in the 11 cases after the operations. It showed that there was significant improvements in the indexes of polysomnography after the operations, such as apnea and hypopnea index, average SaO2, minimum oxygen saturation and snore index.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The Le Fort III osteotomy and midfacial distraction osteogenesis can efficiently relieve the symptoms of upper-airway stenosis in severe midfacial dysostosis.</p>

The surgical therapy of periacetabular malignant tumors / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the limb salvage methods and treatment outcomes in malignant periacetabular bone tumors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The data of 31 patients of periacetabular malignant tumors who had limb salvage surgery between January 1999 and December 2006 was retrospectively reviewed. There were 14 females and 17 males with a mean age of 53 years (range, 42-75 years). Twenty-four patients had chondrosarcomas, 4 patients had Ewing sarcomas, 1 patient had osteosarcoma, and the remaining 2 patients had metastatic disease. Sixteen patients had Types II pelvic resections, 5 patients had Types I and II pelvic resections, another 5 had Type I and III pelvic resections, and Type I , II and III pelvic resections in the remaining patients. Seventeen patients had reconstructions after tumor resection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean follow-up time for all patients was 52 months (range, 12-84 months). Fourteen patients were alive with no evidence of disease, 4 patients were alive with disease at the most recent follow-up, and 13 patients died of disease. The local recurrence rate and mortality rate in 24 patients with chondrosarcomas was 20.8% and 33.3% respectively. Two patients with metastatic disease died at 11 and 34 months postoperatively. One patient with osteosarcoma and 2 patients with Ewing sarcoma died of lung metastases. Enneking scoring system was used to evaluate the functional outcome in 18 alive patients. In 13 patients who had reconstructions, 6 were in excellent, 6 were in good, and 1 was in poor. While in 6 patients who had no reconstructions, 3 were in excellent, 2 were in good, and 1 was in poor. Minor complications occurred in 6 patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Clear margin tumor resection with decreased local recurrence rate is critical for limb salvage surgery in periacetabular sarcomas. The ranges of tumor invasion and resection, the principle of individual treatment should be considered in functional reconstruction.</p>

Changes of different section area at different parts of upper-airway after Le Fort III osteotomy / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the therapeutic effects of Le Fort III osteotomy and midface distraction osteogenesis (DO) on the upper-airway narrow.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Since 2000, 11 cases (10 cases of Crouzon syndrome and 1 case of Apert syndrome) with severe midface deficiency were treated with Le Fort III osteotomy and midface DO. The section area of different parts of upper-airway were tested by computer assistants image measurement preoperatively and postoperatively. Some patients received sleep function monitoring.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The face appearance and the function of upper-airway improved significantly after Le Fort III osteotomy and Midface DO. The section area at the level of posterior nasal spine and uvula increased obviously after treatment (P < 0.05), however the section area at the level of epiglottis and separation between airway and esophagus were not obviously enlarged (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Midface DO after Le Fort III osteotomy can effectively improve the upper-airway narrow, especially the upper part from uvula.</p>

Cardioprotection and mechanisms of exogenous carbon monoxide releaser CORM-2 against ischemia/reperfusion injury in isolated rat hearts / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of exogenous carbon monoxide (CO) in protection of rat hearts from ischemia/reperfusion injury and its underlying mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cardiac contractility, lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), creatine kinase(CK) and infarct area were analyzed by the Langendorff isolated rat hearts. All isolated hearts were subjected to 30 min of ischemia followed by 120 min of reperfusion.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Perfusion with 25 micromol/L of CORM-2 (an exogenous CO releaser) during the first 10 min of reperfusion prevented the increase in LVEDP and decrease in LVDP, +dp/dt(max) in isolated ischemia/reperfusion hearts. CORM-2(25 micromol/L) had no effect on the changes of coronary flow, but it really inhibited the release of LDH and CK, and also reduced the infarct size. Perfusion with 10 micromol/L of CORM-2 decreased the LDH, CK and infarct size, but it did not improve the contractility of ischemia/reperfusion hearts. However, perfusion with 100 micromol/L of CORM-2 exacerbated the injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion. Pretreatment of a NOS inhibitor L-NAME and a HO-1 inhibitor ZnPP partly abolished the protection effect of CORM-2(25 micromol/L) on LVEDP, and L-NAME and a GC inhibitor methylene blue could also cancel the enhance of LVDP and +dp/dt(max) incuced by CORM-2. All of the inhibitor (methylene blue, L-NAME, a mitoK(ATP )channel blocker 5-HD and ZnPP) could partly enlarge infarct area compared with CORM-2 treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Exogenous CO could protect heart from ischemia/reperfusion injury. The cardiac protection of CO might be through NOS-cGMP and HO-1 pathway, and the activation of mitoK(ATP)channel might be also involved in.</p>

Surgical correction of craniofacial dysostosis with midface distraction osteotogenesis / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Correction of craniofacial dysostosis with midface distraction osteotogenesis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Le Fort III osteotomy has been employed through coronal route on patients with midface craniofacial dysostosis such as Crouzon and Apert syndrome. Then a REDII distraction device was set up, and the device bars directed. The distraction begins 6.4 days after the surgery, with a rate of 1 mm per day. When midface approaching the right position, i.e. an slightly over correction of occlusion is reached, the distraction stops and the device is held for the next 2-4 months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There are 8 cases completed all the therapy with an average age of 11.9 years old. The midface had been moved averagely 9.7 mm forwards and 1.6 mm downwards. The features had been improved obviously and the occlusions reach nearly normal. The exophthalmos reduced from 20.3 mm to 11.9 mm. In cephalometry, SNA was averagely enlarged 9 degrees, and ANB enlarged 8.8 degrees. The snore during sleeping was also improved in 87.5% cases. No serious complication had occurred except minor one such as 1 case of seroma and 1 case of infection around pin on scalp. According to 5 months averagely follow-up, there is no recurrence in our list.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Midface distraction osteotogenesis is propitious to teenage or severe cases of craniofacial dysostosis.</p>

Anatomic study of supratrochlear artery and its application in nasal reconstruction / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the anatomy of the cutaneous branch (CB) of supratrochlear artery and its relevance to the design of frontal flap in nasal reconstruction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>10 fresh cadavers were dissected to study the position and course of the CB of supratrochlear artery (supraorbital rim and facial midline as landmark). The communication between the CB and supraorbital artery was also studied. 5 cases of ultra-thin frontal flaps and 11 cases of bi-flap( cutaneous flap and muscular flap) were designed on anatomic basis. The survival rate of flap, the stability and aesthetic appearance of the reconstructed nose were followed up.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The supratrochlear artery gave off constant CB (1.18 +/- 0.36) cm from upper orbital rim and (1.35 +/- 0.34) cm from the midline of face. The CB passed in a subcutaneous plane and communicated with the bilateral muscular branch, CB of the opposite side and bilateral supraorbital artery. The supratrochlear artery only had CB with no muscular branch in 3 cases. All the flaps survived completely except one with blister on the nose tip which healed spontaneously. The postoperative aesthetic appearance was very satisfactory.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The supratrochlear artery has constant CB. The frontal ultra-thin flap pedicled with the CB can improve the therapeutic effect of nasal reconstruction.</p>

Experimental study of gene therapy with human vascular endothelial growth factor-c in lymphedema / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the efficacy of gene therapy with human vascular endothelial growth factor-c (VEGF-C) on obstructive lymphedema.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two animal models of lymphedema were created: one in the right hind limb of adult New Zealand white rabbits and the other in SD mouse tail. Each model was randomly divided into two groups to receive intradermal injection of either VEGF-C gene (experimental group), or saline(control group). In rabbit model, the volume change of affected limb was measured. In mouse model, biopsy was performed after 3 weeks treatment to detect the expression of VEGF-C mRNA and proteins. The lymphagenesis was evaluated by immunohistochemical examination with lymphatic endothelium hyaluronan receptor antibody.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The volume of the affect rabbit limb decreased by (24.40 +/- 1.08) ml in experimental group, compared with (5.80 +/- 1.92) ml in control group (P = 0.0001). The expression of VEGF-C mRNA and protein increased markedly in experiment group, but not in controls. More lymphatic vessels with large caliber were seen in experiment group (P = 0.0004).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>VEGF-C gene therapy may alleviate or treat lymphedema by inducing lyphmangiogenesis.</p>

Endoprosthetic reconstruction after wide resection of primary bone tumor around the knee / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect and complication of the endoprosthetic reconstruction after wide resection of primary bone tumor around the knee.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The retrospective analysis was performed on 83 patients undergoing the prosthetic reconstruction after the resection of the primary tumor around the knee between December 1995 and December 2005. All the diagnoses were pathologically confirmed (58 patients with osteosarcoma, 2 with osteosarcomatosis, 1 with parosteal osteosarcoma, 4 with malignant fibrous histiocytoma, 13 with giant cell tumor of bone, 1 with leiomyosarcoma, 2 with Ewing's sarcoma, 2 with chondrosarcoma). The distal femur group was involved in 44 patients, proximal tibia group in 34 (including 33 deficit in proximal tibia, 1 deficit both in proximal tibia and distal femur), total femur replacement group in 5. After operation, the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score was used to evaluate the recovery of their corresponding functions.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The follow-up for 12 - 130 months (with a median of 41 months) revealed that the 3-year survival rate of the prosthesis was 88.2%, and the 5-year survival rate was 82.1%. As for the complications, local recurrence developed in 6 patients, peri-prosthesis infection in 2 patients, aseptic loosening in 2 patients. The mean MSTS core was 25.0 (19.0 - 29.0) in the distal femur group, 24.4 (17.0 - 28.0) in the proximal tibia group, and 19.0 (16.0 - 21.0) in the total femur replacement group. As to the statistical analysis, the function of the former two groups were greater than the latter one (F = 11.666, P < 0.001), however, there was no significant difference between the former 2 groups (F = 0.813, P = 0.370).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Taken together, the tumor prosthesis gives a satisfactory functional outcome after the tumor around the knee is removed with a lower incidence of complication.</p>

Surgical correction of craniofacial dysostosis with midface distraction osteogenesis / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of distraction osteogenesis on correction of craniofacial dysostosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Le Fort III osteotomy was applied through coronal route on patients with craniofacial dysostosis such as Crouzon and Apert syndrome. The procedures included disconnecting the skeletal midface from base of cranium, setting up a RED II distraction device, and directing the device bars. The distraction was started 5 days after the surgery, with a rate of 1 mm forward per day. When midface approaching the right position, i.e. a slightly over correction of occlusion was reached, stopped distraction and kept the device for 2 - 4 months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eight cases completed all the therapy. The average blood lose was 300 ml and the average operation time was 3.5 hours. The midface had been moved averagely 9 mm forwardly and 1.5 mm downwards. The features had been improved obviously and the occlusion reached nearly normal. No serious complications occurred except for 1 case of seroma and 1 case of infection around pin on scalp. No recurrence was found in the 5 months of follow-up.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Midface distraction osteogenesis is propitious to teenage or severe cases of craniofacial dysostosis.</p>

Ecological Risk Assessment of Sediment Heavy Metals Pollution in Anhui Reach of Huaihe River / 环境与健康杂志

Zn. Conclusion Human activities developed along the Huaihe River does not influence the concentration of heavy metals in the sediment, no serious contamination of heavy metals in the sediment is found in the present investigation.

Study of the morphology and biomechanics of sacral fracture / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the morphological characteristics of sacral fracture under different impact loads.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Ten fresh pelvic specimens were loaded in dynamic or static state. A series of mechanical parameters including the pressure strain and velocity were recorded. Morphological characteristics were observed under scanning electron microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The form of sacral fracture was related to the impact energy. Under low energy impact loads, ilium fracture, acetabulum fracture and crista iliaca fracture were found. Under high energy impact loads, three types of sacral fracture occurred according to the classification of Denis: sacral ala fracture, Type I fracture; sacral foramen cataclasm fracture, Type II fracture; central vertebral canal fracture, Type III fracture. Nerve injury of one or two sides was involved in all three types of sacral fracture. The fracture mechanism of sacrum between the dynamic impact and static compression was significantly different. When the impact energy was above 25 J, sacral foramen cataclasm fracture occurred, involving nerve root injury. When it was below 20 J, ilium and sacral fracture was most likely to occur. When it was 20 approximately 25 J, Type I fracture would occur. While in the static test, most of the fracture belonged to ilium or acetabulum fracture. The cross section of sacrum was crackly and the bone board of Haversian system was brittle, which could lead to separation of bone boards and malposition of a few of cross bone boards.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In dynamic state, sacrum fracture mostly belongs to Type I and Type II, and usually involves the nerve roots. Sacrum fracture is relevant to the microstructures, the distribution of the bone trabecula, the osseous lacuna and the Haversian system of sacrum. The fracture of ilium and acetabulum more frequently appears in static state, with slight wound of peripheral tissues.</p>