Application of stem cell transplantation in children with interstitial lung disease / 国际儿科学杂志

Interstitial lung disease(ILD) is a group of pulmonary diseases including clinical common diseases and clinical rare diseases.The etiology of some of these diseases is unknown, and drug treatment is difficult, so stem cell transplantation is considered to treat ILD.Stem cells have the advantage of chemotaxis to damaged tissues, so stem cell transplantation for ILD is feasible.In recent years, the research of stem cell transplantation for treatment of ILD has been increasing gradually, but the review of stem cell transplantation for treatment of ILD in children is scarce.This paper reviews the recent advances in the treatment of ILD by stem cell transplantation, including the pathological features, treatment, prognosis and application prospects.

Interstitial lung disease associated with juvenile dermatomyositis / 国际儿科学杂志

Juvenile dermatomyositis is a systemic autoimmune vascular disease characterized by rash and proximal myopathy.Pulmonary complications related to this disease include interstitial lung disease, aspiration pneumonia, respiratory muscle involvement, airway involvement, pleural involvement, pulmonary hypertension and mediastinal emphysema .Interstitial lung disease is the most common pulmonary involvement in juvenile dermatomyositis, which often affects the prognosis of children.Adult myositis associated interstitial lung disease has been well described in the literature, but the description of juvenile dermatomyositis associated interstitial lung disease is still lacking.This review discusses the pathogenesis, pathological types, biological markers, diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of juvenile dermatomyositis related interstitial lung disease.

Advances in the correlation between HDAC8 gene and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis / 国际儿科学杂志

In recent years, the incidence of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis has been increasing year by year.Although traditional drugs have been shown to be effective in preventing process of pulmonary fibrosis, their side effects are high and application is limited.Cell, cytokine, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition all participate in the process of pulmonary fibrosis, and HDAC8 also plays an important role in these related processes.The researchers found that HDAC8 contributes to pulmonary fibrosis, and that HDAC8 inhibitors have the potential to treat IPF and other fibrotic lung diseases.In this paper, the research progress of the relationship between HDAC8 gene and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in recent years is reviewed.

Analysis of the final theory examination results of pediatrics undergraduates in clinical medicine based on separation of teaching and testing / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To explore the influence of the selecting questions from national question database on the Pediatrics theoretical examination of clinical undergraduates under the mode of teaching-examination separation. Methods to make an overall quantitative analysis of 304 test papers, selecting questions from national question database for the final pediatrics theoretical examination in the first term from 2017 to 2018, which was answered by two classes of clinical medicine students enrolled in 2014. Results From the distribution of these two classes' scores, it can seen that the frequency distribution on both sides of the average is relatively symmetrical and all of them presented normal distribution, but they are all below average and good grades are fewer. They account for 5.29% and 9.15% of the total number respectively in each class. The number of students who failed of the two classes accounts for 20.53% and 16.99% respectively. The difficulty coefficients of the total volume are respectively 0.67 and 0.69, whose overall difficulty is moderate. Moreover, the test reliability coefficients of two classes are 0.764 0 and 0.768 9 respectively. The discrimination of the total volume of these two classes are all 0.22. There are some errors for the examination papers including in multiple choice options, repetitive questions, too many ques-tions in circulatory system and questions above student current levels. Conclusion The result indicates that the testing questions show the difference of the students' ability and the reliability of the test through the overall quantitative analysis of the test. However, relatively low scores and a relatively large number of students failing the test indicate that students just stay in the old teaching and testing mode and they only master classroom knowledge. Therefore, they do not do self-learning well. Separation of teaching and testing could help to cultivate students' self-learning ability. At the same time, the quality of examination questions of the national question database and group questions should be constantly improved, which is the premise to ensure the objective reflection of students' learning ability.

Clinical features of three pulmonary alveolar proteinosis patients / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP). Methods Clinical data of 3 children with PAP admitted from 2010 to 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Three children were female and aged 3 years and 1 month, 3 years and 9 months, and 6 years and 4 months, respectively. The main symptom of the three children was cough along with or without anhelation. Two of them had longer course of disease. The therapeutic effect of conventional treatment was poor, and their chest CT indicated significant lesions. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy showed positive reaction by PAS staining, and the treatment effect was improved after bronchoalveolar lavage. Conclusions The main clinical symptoms of PAP are non-specific cough and shortness of breath. PAS staining and bronchoalveolar lavage are of great value in the diagnosis and treatment of PAP.

Genome-wide copy number variations in congenital cystic lung disease / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To explore the potentially relevant copy number variations (CNVs) in congenital cystic lung diseases (CCLD). Methods Clinical data of 16 patients diagnosed with CCLD and CNVs results were retrospectively analyzed. Results Of 16 cases, 12 were males and 4 were females aged between 2 months and 12 years and 6 months. Of 16 cases, 10 cases were bronchogenic cyst, 4 cases were pulmonary sequestration, 2 cases were congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation, 1 case was congenital lobar emphysema and one case was not classified. These cases presented mainly with fever, cough, and sputum without specificity. Six CNVs with unknown clinical significance were found in two patients. Abnormal amplification of HDAC8 gene was found in 4 patients diagnosed with BC.Conclusions CCLD is less likely to be associated with the CNVs;HDAC8 gene may be related to bronchogenic cyst.

Bronchogenic cysts / 国际儿科学杂志

Bronchogenic cysts( BC) is a congenital malformation of the lung which is common in chil-dren and adolescents. Because the disease is rare and not characteristic in symptom,sign and imaging,it can be easily misdiagnosed. It is still difficult to improve the rate of correct and early diagnosis. This article reviewes the research progress of the occurrence,symptom and management of BC.

Vitamin E and childhood asthma / 国际儿科学杂志

Vitamin E( VE) is a major human plasma fat-soluble antioxidant. It has been proved that VE can protect the nervous system,skeletal muscle,retina and the cardiovascular system,etc. Nowadays,more and more researchers focus on the relationship between vitamin E and asthma. This article reviewes the research pro-gresses of the physiochemical properties of VE,and its relationship with asthma.

Meta-analysis of the relationship between particulate matter (PM(10) and PM(2.5)) and asthma hospital admissions in children / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To systematically review and assess the relationship between particulate matter (PM(10) and PM(2.5)) and children's hospital admissions for asthma, using both time-series and case-crossover analyses.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The PubMed, Ebsco, Ovid and four Chinese periodical databases were screened for studies related to short-term effects of particulate matter on pediatric asthma hospital admissions published from 1 January 1990 to 31 December 2013.Sixteen studies on PM(10) and 10 studies on PM(2.5) were selected finally for meta-analysis. Relative risk (RR) or odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of asthma hospital admissions per 10 µg/m³ increase of daily particulate matter were obtained from each study. RevMan 5.2.11 was used to test the heterogeneity of the results among the different studies and amalgamat the effect size by fixed or random effect model.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>As the concentration of PM(10) increased per 10 µg/m³, the children's hospital admissions for asthma increased by 1.75%; for PM(2.5), a 3.45% increase for asthma hospital admissions as the concentration increased per 10 µg/m³. By subgroup analysis based on study design, the effect size on both PM(10) and PM(2.5) of case-crossover study's results were higher than time-series analysis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The short-term increase of the concentration of PM(10) and PM(2.5) may led to the increase of Children's hospital admissions for asthma, and PM(2.5) will present a higher risk contribution.</p>

Analysis of etiological agents in children with asthma exacerbation in 2013 / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the distribution of etiological agents in children with asthma exacerbation in Chongqing during 2013 .Methods Four hundred and forty seven cases of hospitalized children with asthma exacerbation in 2013 in Children′s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed in SPSS19 .0 software .Results Among the 447 children with asthma exacerbation ,the percentage of bacteria was 43 .8% ,streptococcus pneumonia(SP)(25 .5% ) was the most common bacteria .Among the 25 cases with bacteria culture of bronchoalveolar lavage ,the positive rate was 44 .0% ,and the difference to sputum culture was not significant (P>0 .05) .The positive rate of 7 common respiratory viruses was 27 .3% ,RSV accounted for 18 .8% ,and it was the most common virus .The virus infection rate was higher in the groups below one years old ,and compared each groups′virus detection rates ,the difference was significant (P< 0 .05) .The positive rate of mycoplasma pneumoniae was 23 .5% ,chlamydia pneumonia was not detected .Conclusion Asthma exacerbation in children is closely related to respiratory infec‐tion .Bacteria detection rate was high in all ages ,which suggests that bacterial infection is an important factor in asthma exacerbation that can′t be ignored .

Effect of clinical pathway management on pediatric capillary bronchitis / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of clinical pathway management on pediatric capillary bronchitis. Methods Infants with capillary bronchitis admitted to our hospital were selected. Several indices were compared between the infants with and without clinical pathway management including hospital stay, costs of hospitalization, satisfaction in parents of children, cure rate, readmission rate one week after discharge, hospital infection and variation in the process of clinical pathway manage-ment. Results A total of 204 eligible infants were divided into research group (n=96) and control group (n=108). There were no signiifcant differences in sex, age, respiratory rate, heart rate and temperature, and detection rate of respiratory syncytial virus in nasopharyngeal secretion and sputum culture (P>0.05). Compared with the infants in control group, the total drug costs, the an-tibiotics costs and the average length of stay were signiifcantly decreased in infants with clinical pathway management (P0.05). In research group, 49 infants (51.04%) completed the clinical pathway management. Positive variance was found in 43 infants (44.79%) and negative variance in 4 infants (4.17%). Two infants (2.08%) dropped out. Conclusions For capillary bronchitis in infants, clinical pathway management has an effect on controlling and reducing the medical expenses, and meanwhile improving the medical quality and satisfaction of patients.

Analysis of viral load in children infected with human metapneumovirus

Human metapneumovirus [hMPV] is a respiratory pathogen responsible for disease and subsequent hospitalizations in young children around the world. The disease pathology, including how viral load correlates with respiratory disease severity, remains unclear. This study investigated the correlation between viral load and clinical characteristics of hMPV infections. Nasopharyngeal aspirate [NPA] samples collected from 18 infants hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infections [LRTIs] in winter were tested for hMPV by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR] and real-time RT-PCR. Their NPA samples were collected every-other-day to monitor changes in hMPV viral load during hospitalization. Also all these 18 patients were monitored to characterize clinically their illness. hMPV load was not correlated with infection severity [P=0.5, 0.9, 0.5]. In contrast the log[10] of hMPV viral load was significantly different between those lasted for 6-11 days and those for less than 5 days [P=0.01], also the significant difference was shown between those of 6-11 days duration and those of more than 11 days [P=0.006], but there was no significant difference between those lasted for less than 5 days and those for more than 11 days [P=0.4]. Additionally, high hMPV viral shedding occurred between 6 and 11 days. hMPV load was significantly correlated with the course of illness. The association between Hmpv viral load and the course of disease suggested that hMPV is an important pathogen in lower respiratory tract infection in children. But hMPV did not always lead to more sever respiratory illness

Comparison of Different PBL Effecting on the Clinical Teaching of Pediatrics / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To compare and evaluate the effect of PBL in clinical teaching of Pediatrics.Methods Among students of Grade 2002 in our university,two types of PBL,pre-learning and case-discussion,were used in their clinical learning of Pediatrics. And then,their effects were evaluated and compared with those of traditional learning method.Results More than 60% of the students agreed with PBL methods,and they considered PBL favorable to practice scientific logical thinking of clinical affairs,to increase their capabilities of learning,oral expression,communication and cooperation.The teachers agreed with PBL methods too for the better learning effect resulting from PBL.Conclusion PBL fits the needs of medical learning reformation.To train new type of doctors in century 21st,it is necessary to use kinds of new learning methods,including PBL methods and standardized patient (SP)in clinical teaching.

Discussion of Influence of Clinical Teaching of Pediatric on Examination / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Examination is usually used to evaluate the students' understanding of the knowledge and skills.It is also the evaluation of teachers'clinical teaching effects to some extent.The objective of this paper is to discuss the new mode of clinical teaching according to the influence of clinical teaching of pediatric on examination.

Protective effect of sodium and magnesium saline of fructose-1,6-diphosphate on B cells in pancreatic islet injured by streptozotocin / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To explore whether sodium and magnesium saline of fructose-1,6-diphosphate(Na +-Mg 2+-FDP)protects B cells in islet of Langerhans injured by streptozotocin(STZ).Methods Healthy adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups:STZ group(receiving once 2% STZ in citric acid solution at dose of 60 mg/kg),blank control group(receiving citric acid solution),FDP group(treated as STZ group,plus Na +-Mg 2+-FDP solution twice a day at total dose of 500 mg?kg-1?d-1 for 15 d),protected group(receiving Na +-Mg 2+-FDP solution at 500 mg/kg first,then 2% STZ in citric acid solution at dose of 60 mg/kg once,Na +-Mg 2+-FDP solution twice a day at total dose of 500 mg?kg-1?d-1 for 15 d),treated group(48 h after receiving 2% STZ in citric acid solution at dose of 60 mg/kg,starting Na +-Mg 2+-FDP solution twice a day at total dose of 500 mg?kg-1?d-1 for 15 d).On the 15 th day after experiment starting,all rats were killed and the end of pancreatic gland was prepared for following experiments.Blood glucose by using glucose oxidase kit and serum insulin by radioimmunoassay was determined.The number of positive islets of which A,B and D cells expressed glucagons,insulin and somatostatin was counted by S-P immunohistochemistry.The morphology of islet of Langerhans stained by HE was observed under optical microscope.Statistical significance was determined by q test and ? 2 test,the related coefficient was determined by rectilinear correlation analysis(?=0.05).Results The blood glucose dropped and serum insulin rose in protected group,but the glucose in treated group and STZ group maintained at high level,and serum insulin maintained at low level.The blood glucose and insulin of the protected group showed significant differences with that of the treated group and STZ group respectively(P0.05).However,the expressions of insulin,gluca-gons and somatostatin were close to normal level in protected group,which were of statistical significance with that of STZ group and treated group(P

Study on the clinical etiology of acute attack of asthma in children / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective:To explore the relationship between viral respiratory tract,mycoplasmal pneumonia,Chlamydia pneumonia infection and actue attack of asthma in children.Methods:7 viruses including respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),adenovirus(Adv),influenza virus A(InfA),influenza virusB(InfB),and parainfluenza virus 1.2.3(PInfl.2.3) from the nasopharyngeal aspirate of the patients were rapidly diagnosed by immunofluorescence method and MP.CP-IgM in serum were detected with ELISA.Results:18 cases could reach the definite etiological diagnosis among 45 infant asthmatic patients (40%).Of them RSV was discovered in 13 cases (accounting for 28.9%),ranking the first,second CP in 3 cases (6.7%),MP in 1 case (2.2%) and Plnf3 in 1 case (2.2%).13 cases (35.1%) were detected positively in 37 asthmatic patients of children.Of them MP was discovered in 9 cases (24.3%),ranking the first,second RSV in 4 cases (10.8%).Conclusion:The results indicate that infant asthma exacerbation is related closely to RSV and CP infections,but in children acute asthma exacerbation is related closely to MP infection.

The differential diagnosis of nonpalpable breast lesion / 中国普通外科杂志

Objective To evaluate needle localized operation biopsy (NLOB) and sterotactic core needle biopsy (SCNB) in the differential diagnosis of nonpalpable breast lesion (NPBL) found by mammography. MethodsIn 82 cases, a total of 90 NPBL were found, NLOB or SCNB were applied to make the diagnosis.ResultsBreast carcinoma (24.4%)was finally diagnosed in 20 cases, 61 cases were diagnosed with benign lesion. Thirty-five cases needed (42.7%) a surgery. Conclusion NLOB and SCNB provide new ways in establishing diagnosis of breast minimal lesions.

Needle aspiration biopsy of breast guided by computerized mammography locator / 中国普通外科杂志

Objective To study the value of needle aspiration biopsy guided by computerized mammography locator in the diagnosis of breast disease. Methods Needle aspiration biopsy was performed in the suspected areas guided by computerized mammography locater. Pathological diagnosis of this tissue taken by needle aspiration biopsy was compared with those taken through operation. Results There were 79 cases in this series. All the 79 specimens taking from needle aspiration confirmed to the requirement of biopy. Of them, 68 cases underwent operation, and the accurat pathologic diagnostic rate of needle aspiration specimens in the 68 cases was 97.2%.Conclusions Computerized mammography locator guiding needle aspiration biopsy is a simple and less invasive procedure.It is very useful for diagnosis of early breast cancer.

The Application of Stereotactic Mammography Aspiration Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Breast / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the technique of radio-stereotactic mammography aspiration biopsy(SCNB) and the clinical usage.Methods The stereotactic mammography aspiration biopsy was performed on 38 breast focuses,the results were compared with pathology.The technique and operation skills of SCNB were studied.Results In this 38 breast focuses,the accuracy of diagnostic aspiration,misplay and false negativity were 84.2%,7.89%and 7.89% respectively.No false positive was found.Conclusion In this technique,the distance between the needle tip and focus central was calculated by computer.This is a effective,easy operate and safe tool for the localization and very valuable in the diagnosis of a early cancer.