Clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer in patients presenting to a tertiary care private sector hospital

Prostate cancer [PCa] is one of the leading cancers in older males. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer and rate of detection of prostate cancer by DRE [digital rectal exam] in patients presenting to a tertiary care private sector hospital in Islamabad, and determine the awareness about PCa in these patients. There were 226 patients who presented from December 2009 to December 2015 having mean age of 68.63 +/-8.76 years and median Prostate Specific Antigen [PSA] value of 19.12 ng/mL [IQR=35.8]. Median prostatic volume was 49 [IQR=22] gram/cc in the subjects. DRE was abnormal in 164 [72.56%] patients and normal in 62 [27.43%] patients only. Majority of patients presented relatively late, which may be due to lack of screening programme or public awareness

Partial nephrectomy in adults - a single-centre experience

Partial nephrectomy is the preferred procedure in benign renal lesions requiring surgical removal. It has also been accepted procedure for malignant renal conditions of smaller size. The aim of this observational study was to determine the outcome of partial nephrectomy in terms of complications and recurrence rates. Twenty patients with renal mass underwent this procedure from January 2010 till June 2014 at our Department, with mean age of 46.51 +/- 1.53 years. There were 14 males and 6 females. Renal mass on CT scan had the mean size of 3.80 +/- 1.15cm. The mean hospital stay in this series was 5.11 +/- 1.42 days, while mean operative time was 247 +/- 79.71 minutes. Twelve patients had malignant histology. They were followed using CT scan abdomen and pelvis with contrast at six and 12 months. Out of these, 10 [83.3%] patients were found to have no recurrence after six months

Comparison of outcome of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in adult versus paediatric patients

Objective: To compare the outcome of percutaneous nephrolithotomy [PCNL] in terms of operative time, hospital stay, stone clearance, and postoperative complications in adult versus paediatric patients

Study Design: Descriptive case series

Place and Duration of Study: Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, from January 2010 to December 2013

Methodology: A retrospective analysis of 155 patients who underwent PCNL from January 2010 to December 2013. The patients were divided into 2 groups: patients aged ? 12 years were included in paedriatic group [A] while patients aged > 12 years were included in adult group [B]. The patients were analyzed for age, gender, stone size, operative time, stone clearance, hospital stay, and peroperative and postoperative complications. Data was collected by chart review on specified proforma

Results: One hundred and twenty-nine [129] patients including 44 [34.10%] females and 85 [65.89%] males with a mean age of 45.00 +/- 1.44 years were adults. Twenty-six palrents with mean age of 9.21 +/- 5.70 years, 17 [65.4%] males and 9 [34.6%] females, were included in the paedriatic group. Mean stone size was 2.12 +/- 1.01 cm in paedriatic group compared to 2.52 +/- 0.77 cm in adult group [p = 0.023]. Mean operative time in paedriatic group was 158.8 +/- 39.63 minutes compared to 119.34 +/- 37.06 minutes in adult group [p < 0.001]. Mean hospital stay in paedriatic group was 2.76 +/- 1.14 days compared to 3.12 +/- 1.27 days in adult group [p=0.1881]. Peroperative stone clearance was in paedriatic group was 93.28 +/- 9.23% compared to 90.81 +/- 12.23% in adult groups [p = 0.331]. One patient in the adult group developed urosepsis

Conclusion: There was no significant difference in outcome of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in terms of hospital stay, stone clearance, and postoperative complications in adult versus paediatric patients. Operative time was significantly shorter in adult cases compared to paedriatic cases

Paediatric percutaneous nephrolithotomy [PCNL]

To describe Paediatric Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy [PCNL] in terms of safety and efficacy in a group of 26 children. An observational study. Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, from January 2011 to June 2013. PCNL of 26 children was done by standard technique. The patients were analyzed for age, gender, presenting symptoms, stone size, site, PCNL approach, operative time, stone clearance, hospital stay and per-operative and postoperative complications. Descriptive statistics were obtained. The mean age was 9.21 +/- 5.70 years. Seventeen [65.4%] patients were male whereas 9 [34.6%] patients were female. Flank pain was the most common presenting symptom. Mean stone size was 2.21 +/- 1.04 cm. Mean operative time was 158.8 +/- 39.63 minutes and mean hospital stay was 2.84 +/- 1.14 days. Postoperative transfusion was required in only one case [4%]. There was no episode of sepsis or perinephric collection. Per-operative stone clearance was 93.28% +/- 9.23%. Conversion to open was seen in one [4%] case. DJ stent was placed in 7 [27%] cases. PCNL is a safe and effective way of treating renal stones in paediatric age group