Is stored expressed breast milk an alternative for working Egyptian mothers?

Expression and storage of breast milk is way to maintain breastfeeding when mother and infant are separated, if the nutritional value can be conserved. Three expressed breast milk samples were collected from 61 healthy lactating mothers in Cairo, Egypt, for determination of total protein, fat, lactose and zinc content, as well as vitamins C, A and E concentrations. One sample was analysed immediately without storage, 1 after storage for 24 hours in a refrigerator [4 degrees C] and 1 after storage for 1 week in a home freezer [-4 degrees C to -8 degrees C]. Refrigeration and freezing of breast milk caused a statistically significant decline in levels of vitamins C, A and E. Nevertheless, the values of all nutrients were still within the international reference ranges for mature breast milk

effect of fluoride content of diet on dental and periodontal diseases

Dental caries has become one of the important public health problem in the developing countries [Mel nichenko and Tristen, 1994]. The percent of children with no caries teeth varies inversely with age. Food and water are the principal sources of fluorine intake. After absorption, fluoride go to the blood and it accumulates in all hard tissues. The most sensitive tissue in the body to excessive ingestion of fluoride is the ameloblastic layer which forms the organic frame work of the enamel [Seppa et al., 1998]. In higher doses, fluorine can be injorious, disturbing enamel formation and causing mottled enamel [Toth, 1990]; Radioisotopic studies showed that enamel and dentin are permeable to water and to various inorganic ions [Sognnaes et al., 1955]. During the developmental period, while the tooth is growing and calcifying, nutritional deficiencies of vitamins [A, C and D], calcium, phosphorus and fluorides result in abnormalities of the chemical composition of the tooth, and may lead to dental caries [WHO, 1998]

Comparative assessment of soya bean, faba bean and casein blood glucose and liver glycogen in rats

Aiming at studying the effect of soya bean, faba bean on blood glucose and liver glycogen in rats. Each of them was added to rats diet at the level of 10% at the expense of starch. 120 male albino rats were classified into three groups of 40 rats each, the control group [casein], the Soya bean group and the faba bean group. The experiment time was 4 weeks. The results of blood glucose level showed that Soya bean caused higher blood glucose level than the control group while faba bean showed significant lower blood glucose level. The rate of growth was much higher in casein than soya bean and least in faba bean. Liver glycogen was inversely proportionate to blood glucose, this might be a toward goal for using faba bean as a therapeutic diet in certain diseases [diabetes and obesity]