Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis [ADEM] presenting as a multiphasic encephalopathy: a case report

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis [ADEM] is one of the demyelinating disorders of central nervous system [CNS] causing acute or relapsing-remitting encephalopathy. We report a male child, who presented with fever, fits and altered sensorium, with two identical events, 3 1/2 months apart. Neuroimaging showed high signal lesions on the T2 weighted images reflecting areas of demyelination and edema, consistent with ADEM. He responded with complete recovery after pulse steroids and intravenous immunoglobulin [IVIG] therapy