Comparative prevalence of non-communicable diseases in the adult population of Vadodara and Godhra in Gujarat and determinants of diabetes mellitus in the population.

The present study was conducted for mapping the prevalence of non-communicable diseases in free living populations of Vadodara & Godhra. Multistage sampling (cluster and systematic random sampling) was used to draw a sample of 351 subjects. Anthropometric data, medical history, lifestyle and dietary practices were elicited using standard procedures. Overweight and obesity were comparable in both the cities (Overweight: 24% v/s 25%, Obesity: 48% and 42%). Diabetes and hypertension, were higher in Godhra (diabetes: 19%, Hypertension: 36%) as compared to Vadodara (diabetes: 12%, Hypertension: 24%). Predictor variables identified were family history of diabetes, high BMI, waist circumference, hypertension, physical inactivity, smoking, alcohol, tobacco abuse, low intake of fruits and vegetables and low intake of green leafy vegetables. Majority of the subjects (79%) had 2-5 risk factors. Thus, prevalence of multiple risk-factors calls for development of a surveillance system to monitor and reduce the risk of developing non-communicable diseases.

Nutritional determinants of fitness in tennis players in Vadodara city.

With the objective of assessing the role of nutrition and physical training on fitness in tennis players of Vadodara city, we conducted this study, employing a case-control design, wherein, 46 players from a tennis academy and 46 age and sex matched controls were studied. Socio-economic attributes, anthropometric measurements, physical fitness tests, nutrient intakes, energy expenditure, blood hemoglobin and mental well-being of the participants were evaluated using the standard protocols. BMI, WHR and weight/WC did not vary among the tennis players and controls. Nutrient intake (macronutrients and iron) and energy expenditure were significantly higher in tennis players than controls. Physical fitness and iron sufficiency were significantly higher in tennis players. Majority (75%) demonstrated good level of mental well-being. Hemoglobin levels correlated significantly with total fitness scores (r=0.26, p<0.005). To conclude, macronutrient intake and hemoglobin levels emerged as significant determinants of fitness levels of tennis players.