Résumé
Poribacterial clone libraries constructed for Aplysina fulva sponge specimens were analysed with respect to diversity and phylogeny. Results imply the coexistence of several, prevalently "intraspecific" poribacterial genotypes in a single sponge host, and suggest quantitative analysis as a desirable approach in studies of the diversity and distribution of poribacterial cohorts in marine sponges
Sujets)
Microbiologie de l'environnement , Variation génétique , Techniques in vitro , Phylogenèse , Porifera , ARN bactérien/isolement et purification , Génotype , Méthodes , Études d'évaluation comme sujetRésumé
This study aimed to test different protocols for the extraction of microbial DNA from the coral Mussismilia harttii. Four different commercial kits were tested, three of them based on methods for DNA extraction from soil (FastDNA SPIN Kit for soil, MP Bio, PowerSoil DNA Isolation Kit, MoBio, and ZR Soil Microbe DNA Kit, Zymo Research) and one kit for DNA extraction from plants (UltraClean Plant DNA Isolation Kit, MoBio). Five polyps of the same colony of M. harttii were macerated and aliquots were submitted to DNA extraction by the different kits. After extraction, the DNA was quantified and PCR-DGGE was used to study the molecular fingerprint of Bacteria and Eukarya. Among the four kits tested, the ZR Soil Microbe DNA Kit was the most efficient with respect to the amount of DNA extracted, yielding about three times more DNA than the other kits. Also, we observed a higher number and intensities of DGGE bands for both Bacteria and Eukarya with the same kit. Considering these results, we suggested that the ZR Soil Microbe DNA Kit is the best adapted for the study of the microbial communities of corals.
Sujets)
Biodiversité , Cellules eucaryotes/cytologie , ADN bactérien , Microbiologie de l'environnement , Elapidae/microbiologie , Techniques in vitro , Réaction de polymérisation en chaîne/méthodes , Microbiologie du sol , Méthodes , Recommandations comme sujet , SolRésumé
This study aimed to test different protocols for the extraction of microbial DNA from the coral Mussismilia harttii. Four different commercial kits were tested, three of them based on methods for DNA extraction from soil (FastDNA SPIN Kit for soil, MP Bio, PowerSoil DNA Isolation Kit, MoBio, and ZR Soil Microbe DNA Kit, Zymo Research) and one kit for DNA extraction from plants (UltraClean Plant DNA Isolation Kit, MoBio). Five polyps of the same colony of M. harttii were macerated and aliquots were submitted to DNA extraction by the different kits. After extraction, the DNA was quantified and PCR-DGGE was used to study the molecular fingerprint of Bacteria and Eukarya. Among the four kits tested, the ZR Soil Microbe DNA Kit was the most efficient with respect to the amount of DNA extracted, yielding about three times more DNA than the other kits. Also, we observed a higher number and intensities of DGGE bands for both Bacteria and Eukarya with the same kit. Considering these results, we suggested that the ZR Soil Microbe DNA Kit is the best adapted for the study of the microbial communities of corals.
Résumé
Foram testadas 95 estirpes de Bacillus e 10 de Staphylococcus aureus quanto a sensibilidade face a 14 fagos recem isolados de B. subtilis e 16 de B. pumilus.Todas as estirpes de S. aureus e 65 de Bacillus mostraram-se resistentes a lise por quaisquer dos fagos de Bacillus.Entre as estirpes de referencia, apenas aquelas de B.subtilis e B. pumilus foram lisadas por fagos de ambos os hospedeiros. As estirpes sensiveis recentemente isoladas foram identificadas como B. subtilis e B. pumilus Todos os fagos de B. subtilis eram especies especificos; no entanto, a maioria dos fagos de B. pumilus lisava ambas as especies. Tais dados confirmam a proximidade taxonomica destas especies
Sujets)
Microbiologie du sol , Staphylococcus aureus , Bacillus , BactériophagesRésumé
Foi isolado do solo um fago de Bacillus megaterium, com aspecto morfologico anormal. Difere dos outros fagos de B. megaterium pela presenca de cabeca alongada, a semelhanca do fago BLE de B. licheniformis. Como outras caracteristicas analisadas neste fago apontou-se sensibilidade a temperatura de 60 graus C; resistencias ao cloroformio e luz ultra violeta e incapacidade de evidenciar placas de lise a 42 graus C. O fago esta constituido de ADN de dupla fita com um teor G-C de 34,7 a 36,7%
Sujets)
Bacillus megaterium , BactériophagesRésumé
Quatorze fagos de Bacilus subtilis foram isolados de 5 solos diferentes e caracterizados quanto a morfologia e suas placas de lise, estabilidade a 4oC, microscopia eletronica, propriedades antigenicas, resistencia ao calor e quanto ao espectro de lise. O uso desses criterios permitiu que estes fagos fossem classificados em 7 grupos diferentes. O grupo maior consiste de 7 fagos estaveis, relativamente resistentes ao calor, sorologicamente relacionados entre si e pertencentes ao tipo B de Bradley. Todos os outros fagos isolados pertencem ao tipo A de Bradley. Oa fagos aqui descritos, sao comparados com fagos de B.subtilis anteriormente descritos