Suspended particulates and sulphur compounds in Cairo urban atmosphere

This work presents the outcome of a research project conducted to investigate suspended particulates and sulphur compounds in Cairo atmosphere. It has been found that Cairo urban air is heavily polluted with suspended particulates reaching more than the 24 h air quality standard during 100% of measured days with annual mean concentration of approximately 9 times USA air quality standard recorded in Cairo central district. This TSP concentration was found to be associated with sulphur dioxide concentrations of about double the WHO annual recommended limit of 53 micro g/m[3]. Moreover the rate of total sulphation reached a maximum value of 39.8 mg/100 cm[2] 30 d during Sept 1989. A good correlation of more than 0.85 was found between total sulphation and sulphur dioxide in Cairo atmosphere with a straight line relationship of : SO2 [micro g/m[3]] = 2.96 [T. sulphation] + 0.39. Furthermore, a good correlation of more than 0.6 was found between the concentrations of paniculate sulphates and ammonium. This confirms that atmospheric reactions are a principal source of paniculate sulphates in Cairo atmosphere. Several other conclusions and recommendations are included

Air pollution in the industrial area South of greater Cairo, Egypt

This work presents the outcome of a research study conducted in the biggest Egyptian -industrial area, southern of Cairo. The industrial activities include mineral industries, metallurgical work and chemical industries. Results show high concentrations of particulates. Photochemical oxidants are locally produced due to atmospheric reactions between emitted pollutants. Atmospheric contaminants were found to exceed air quality standards set to meet environmental requirements. Geographic distribution of pollutant concentrations and chemical constituents of particulate were found to be influenced by both manmade and natural causes. Air quality can be managed by using emission control devices and giving attention to land use. The establishment of buffer zones, and the proper selection of industrial and residential locations are necessary

Particulates, as measured by three different methods, in the Helwan City atmosphere

Total suspended particulate, smoke and dustfall were monitored at the same site in Helwan City atmosphere. The present investigation shows that air pollution situaion in the residential city of Helwan is critical. Air quality is influenced mainly by the emission from cement industry to the south of the city and the incomplete combustion processes in traffics, power station and other industries to the north of the city. Smoke and total suspended dust in the atmosphere were not associated and gave a negative correlation of r = -0.4. Rates of dust-fall gave a good correlation with the concentration of total suspended dust, but their chemical composition are quite different