[Relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and service quality in the hospitals of Guilan, Northern Iran]

Health care department has a special place among service departments, and customer expectations are important in respective medical centers. Thus, providing good quality services and understanding the customers' expectations are critical in such centers. Organizational citizenship behavior is one of the factors influencing the perceived quality service by customers. To promote the quality service, it is better to study the organizational citizenship behavior periodically and improve the effective factors, which can help customers' understanding of service quality. Measuring organizational citizenship behavior and service quality in the hospitals of Guilan province, northern Iran. This research is descriptive-correlation type and unit of analysis is organization. The statistical community consists of public and private hospitals of Guilan. Samples were selected based on the available data by the researcher, which included 22 public hospitals a nd 4 private ones. The method of collecting data was field method and the collecting tools of information were questionnaires. Servqual questionnaire included 22 items for evaluating the service quality and the questionnaire of organizational behavior incl uded 15 items approved by the respective experts and professors in terms of validity and reliability. Cronbach alpha was used in them and the alpha for organizational citizenship behavior was 0/83 and for service quality variable was 0/90. Since alpha values for both were higher than 0/70, the questionnaires had the effective reliabilities. The questionnaire of citizenship behavior was distributed accidentally among 15 workers and service quality questionnaire among 15 customers and were collected during 2 months. There was a positive correlation between organizational citizenship behavior and its elements such as loyalty, obedience, participation and service quality. Means of all variables were above the average value. As shown, there is a relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and service quality in the hospitals of Guilan province. By enhancing the organizational citizenship behaviors, we can improve costumers' satisfaction with service quality

[ position of conflict management and relation openness in elevating the nursing employees trust]

Organizational trust refers to the employees eagerness to perform the orders expected by the management, without the necessity to utilize control or evaluation. Along the same lines, formation of organizational processes based on trust has created an impressive change in the interaction between the employees and managers. It has also raised the employees organizational commitment, occupation satisfaction, and performance improvement. To determine the influence of conflict management and relation openness on the rate of nurses trust in public hospitals in Rasht in 2010. The research was performed using a cross- sectional and descriptive analytic approach. The population for the study included 1100 nurses from the public hospitals in the city of Rasht, of whom 239 were selected as the sample through factor analysis and ANOVA. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire consisting of 21 questions to measure the three variables of conflict, trust, and relation openness. The questionnaire studied conflict in two directions: types of conflict [task, relation, process] and conflict characteristics [intensity and duration]; then it was authenticated and confirmed after consulting the professors. Next, the reliability and validity of the questionnaire were calculated and determined and finally the research data were collected during May-June 2010. To analyze the collected data, the researchers used SPSS and calculated Pearson and multiple regression correlation coefficients. There was no significant correlation between task conflict and trust [R=0.114]. However, there was a correlation between relation and process conflicts and conflict characteristics [intensity and duration] which were respectively within the following ranges R=0.13 to 0.56, and the statistical significance level for all the variables was set at [P<0.05]. In addition, a multiple regression was applied to determine the influence of moderator variables of relation openness, conflict intensity and duration on the relation between conflict and trust where the delta variations [the presence of difference in the relationship between the variables through existence of the moderator variables] are indicative of such a moderating relationship. Based on the findings, there seems to be a negative significant relationship between process and relation conflicts and trust which indicates that relation openness and duration of conflict have positive influence on the relationship between conflict and trust, but the intensity of conflict causes a reduction in trust through creating a negative influence on the relationship between conflict and trust. Thus, it is recommended that the managers utilize the two strategies of conflict management and creating optimized relations in the workplace to increase the employees trust so that, in the end, they succeed in managing the organization

[ effect of local infiltration of morphine in reducing the post operative pain in soft tissue injury]

Soft tissue injuries, such as tendons or ligaments, are common problems causing pain and functional disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of local infiltration of morphine in reducing the post operative pain in soft tissue injuries. In a double blind clinical trial study, 80 patients with soft tissue injury who were admitted in Kashani hospital, Shahrekord, Iran, were divided into 2 groups: control group received local placebo [normal saline] and case group received local morphine. Severity of pain was measured using a scale questionnaire 3, 10 and 24 hours after the surgery. Data were analyzed using dependent t-test, Chi square and Fisher tests. The results of this study showed that mean age was 32.5 +/- 6.34 years for control group and 30.6 +/- 7.7 years for case group. Mean incision length was found 5.5 cm for control group and 5.57 cm for case group [P<0.05]. A significant decrease in severity of pain was found 2, 10 and 24 hours after the operation in patients who received local morphine compared with control group [P<0.05]. Infiltration of morphine has good advantages in reducing pain in patients with soft tissue injury after the operation