Oral toxicity of agro-fungicides: tilt [propiconazole], bayleton [triadimefon] and their mixture to nubian goats

The hazard use of pesticides, emergence of many diseases with high prevalence e. g [cancer, kidney failure and hepatic problems] urged the need for research on fungicides which are continuously received by human in Sudan via fruit and vegetables. To detect the toxicity of these fungicides in experimental animals. Twelve Nubian goats were used in these experiments; they were grouped into three groups [and one control group] and dosed orally with two fungicides [Propiconazole [100 mg/kg/day], Triadimefon [100mg/kg/day]] and their mixture [50:50 mg/kg/day]. Animals were closely observed for clinical signs and behavior. Dead or slaughtered animals underwent postmortem examination and lesions were recorded. Samples from different organs were preserved for histopathological studies. Fresh blood was collected for heamatological and Serobiochemical analysis. Five minutes post-dosing, the animals showed some clinical signs which recovered after four hours. Death occurred in days 12-25 in the animals dosed with the mixture. The most prominent feature in postmortem lesions was the congestion in different organs. Histopathological changes were the fatty change of liver and kidneys. In Triadimefon dosed group, the values of PCV, Hb and MCHC decreased significantly [p<0.001]. The serum urea concentration and GOT activity were high [p<0.001] in both of them. Animals dosed with mixture had significantly [p<0.05-0.001] higher PCV, MCV, MCH and WBC than the control. Significantly high values of serum urea concentration [p<0.01] and GOT activity [p<0.001] were reported in goats dosed with the mixture. Both fungicides and their mixture showed toxicological and pathological effects in dosed animals

Trichomonas vaginalis in vaginal smears of women using intrauterine contraceptive device

To detect the association between the use of an intrauterine contraceptive device [IUCD] and the presence of Trichomonas vaginalis [Tv] in the vaginal smears. Vaginal smears were collected from 800 women who attended the Gynaecology and Obstetrics unit at Federal Government Hospital [Polyclinic] Islamabad, between June 1995 ' June 1997. Among 45 IUCD users, 15 women were positive for Tv [33.33%]. Forty two of 755 non-users were also positive for Tv [5.56%]. There was a significant correlation between the use of IUCD and the presence of Tv [p<0.05]. The data also indicated that the prolonged use [>3 years] of copper-IUCD may promote the growth of Tv in the vaginal mucosa. The use of copper IUCD for a long period causes growth of Tv on the genital mucosa so special attention should be paid to women who have prolonged copper-IUCD for the possible presence of Tv