Prevalence of psychiatric manifestations in a sample of Egyptian Society

The present study wad done in the area surrounding Al-Hussein University Hospital. A sample of 498 individuals were randomly chosen representing 10% of all adult individuals in the area. General health questionnaire [GHQ] was applied to the whole sample and semistructured clinical interview was held for 20% of the individuals having scores pointing to the presence of psychiatric disorders. Psychiatric disorders diagnoses followed the criteria of DSM IIIR. The data obtained were analyzed and discussed in the light of previous studies. The results indicated that, incidence of psychiatric disorders was found to be 41.5%. The highest incidence were for dysrhythmia and generalize anxiety disorder [18.92%] followed by adjustment disorders [13.52%]

Effects of surface treatment on marginal integrity of amalgam restorations [in vitro study]

A total of 80 freshly extracted human molars, free from caries, cracks and decalcifications, were used in this study. Conservative class I cavities were prepared in the occlusal surface. Two types of amalgam alloys were used, high copper [dispersalloy] and conventional [velvalloy]. The prepared cavities were classified into 5 groups, 16 each carve [C], carve and polish [CP], precarve burnish [BC], postcarve [CB] and pre and postcarve burnish [BCB]. The specimens were thermally stressed using the stress fatigue device. The marginal integrity of the amalgam enamel interface were evaluated using SEM for the four marginal quantities: Excellent margin, open margin, enamel fracture and amalgam fracture. The results of this study revealed that, higher copper amalgam demonstrated superior marginal integrity than the conventional one. The pre and postcarve burnish group showed the highest percentage of excellent margin than the other groups

Strain profiles in molars restored with posterior composite resins: effect of cavity size and restorative technique

The objective of the study was to quantitatively compare peak strain in buccal and lingual aspects of human molar teeth restored with composite resin polymers as a function of cavity size, restorative material, restorative technique. Two composite resin materials were investigated: Herculite [sub micron filler particle] and P50 [Supra micron filler particle]. Performance was compared to two different types of high copper amalgams. A total of 72 freshly extracted human molar teeth, free from cracks or caries were used. MOD cavities were prepared with three different cavity sizes [1 mm, 2.5 mm and 5 mm]. Rectangular rosette strain gauges were applied centrally on the buccal and lingual surfaces of the prepared teeth. Strain measurements were recorded during subsequent cavity restoration procedures and curing cycles. A comparison of peak strains in the amalgam vs composites using bulk pack technique showed significantly higher strain in the composite series. Highest strains were noted in the largest cavity size [5 mm]. Slot preparation following restoration reduced strains in the composite materials. Subsequent re-filling of the slot increased strain, but still less than the initial value

prospective 2-year follow-up study of first episode manic disorder

A group of 57 patients hospitalized for their first manic episode were followed up for 2 years to study the relapse rate and factors affecting it using serial of semistructured interviews, monthly during the first year and every 3 months during the second year. Data were statistically analyzed. Results showed that 40 patients [70.17%] relapsed within 2 years, 29.82% within the first year and 40.35% within the second year], most relapses were of manic types and manic relapses tended to occur earlier than depressive relapses. Higher relapse rate was associated with single and divorced martial status, positive family history of affective disorders, the presence of psychotic features especially if mood-incongruent, longer duration of treatment of the index episode, longer duration of illness before hospitalization and introvert personality before illness. Sex, age, duration of relapse and type of relapse had insignificant relations to the relapse rate

Reactions of psychiatric team towards drug addict patients

In order to achieve an optimistic attitude toward drug dependent patients a study of the reactions of psychiatric health team is needed. The sample consisted of all care-takers responsible for the treatment of addict patients in a general psychiatric hospital. The sample consisted of 108 care-takers. Likart type rating scale was applied and data were statistically analyzed. Results health care professionals in general expressed negative overall attitudes towards drug dependence

Valididy of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and indirect hemagglutination tests in the diagnosis of S mansoni

The need for a serological test for diagnosis of S.mansoni infection with high sensitivity and specificity comparable to egg recovery from stools and or rectal snip is of major concern to public health specialists and parasitologists. This study aimed at evaluation of the validity of ELISA and IHA tests in the diagnosis of Schistosomiasis mansoni in different clinical stages. A randomly selected 185 adult males were exposed to clinical examination and quantitative stool analysis using the kato technique. The stool negative individuals were exposed to sigmoidoscopy and rectal snip examination. The serum of all individuals were examined by ELISA, using the soluble egg antigen and IHA, using the adult worm antigen. As the disease manifestations increased the frequency of ELISA and IHA tests positive results increased. The frequency of positive results of both tests increased at higher titre and at severer grades of infection [P< 0.05]. ELISA was more sensitive and specific [94.2 and 93.3%, respectively] than IHA test [84.5 and 83.3%, respectively]. These results could encourage the Egyptian health authorities to use ELISA in monitoring the National Bilharzia Control Program currently in operation