Health issues and wellbeing; working children in carpet industry in Punjab, Pakistan

Children are perceived as the future of any country. With this in mind, child labor does nothing but destroy the future of the children. Carpet weaving is destructive for children because children often sit in odd positions for extensive hours, inhaling dust and working in inadequate lighting situations, all these aspects are hazardous to the wellbeing of children. Child carpet weavers have to face occupational damages and diseases. To identify the factors contributing to child labor and effects of work-related health issues on the wellbeing of carpet weavers. Cross sectional survey. Punjab province. A sample of 320 carpet child workers of age group 8-17 years was interviewed. A well-structured questionnaire was constructed to collect the data. The SPSS/PC + 20.0 Statistical Package for Social Sciences were used for analyzing the data. The study found that majority of the respondents was facing the problem of body aches, backbone problem, eye strain and general exhaustion and cuts and wounds. The significant relationship was observed between work-related illness [type of illness] and the personal wellbeing of carpet working children. It was strongly suggested that comprehensive strategy consisting of macro as well as micro policies is to be commenced to control, reduce and eradicate. The ill effects related to carpet weaving. The participation of children in carpet weaving industry should be stopped or at least immunizad present. The carpet workers immediately need concentrated efforts not only to solve their work-related issues, but also to make them productive adult in their own wellbeing as well as in the welfares of society

Women reproductive health security; role of spousal communication

Around the world, the right to health and especially reproductive health right are far from a reality for many women. Reproductive health is of growing concern today. Reproductive health therefore implies that people are able to have a satisfying and safe sexual life and that they have the capability to reproduce and the freedom to decide if, when and how after to do so. Reproduction is a dual commitment but so after in much of the world, it is seen as wholly the women's responsibility. There are four major problems commonly encountered by women in family planning and contraceptive use: accessibility to family planning information and services, quality of services, gender responsibilities and spousal communication. These problems become major obstacles preventing women from regularity fertility or exercising the reproductive rights. The importance of good health and education to women's well being and that of her family and society cannot be overstated. Spousal Communication is crucial step toward increasing women's participation in improving their health rights. Therefore the study was conducted to investigate the perception of married women about the role of spousal communication in establishing reproductive health security. For this purpose 200 married women of age group 15-45 with having at least one living child were selected through multistage sampling technique from urban areas of district Faisalabad. The study explored in bi-variate analysis that those women who were educated, younger and had a high economic status had a perception that the spousal communication plays a significant role in the development of women's attitude towards their reproductive health security