Ultrasound and computed tomography in abdominal and pelvic diagnoses

Introduction: the major imaging modalities used in diagnosis of pelvic and abdominal conditions ranged from X-ray, ultrasonography, computed tomography and many more. In each different kind of disorder; a different modality is preferred based on the nature of disease, the patient and the hospital where the management is provided. Some conditions require more than one source of imaging

Aim of the work: this study aimed to discuss various abdominal and pelvic pathologies separately to explore the preferred type of imaging modality

Methodology: we conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed and EMBASE from January 1994 to March 2017. The following search terms were used: ultrasound versus CT, acute abdomen imaging, abdominal radiology and pelvic pain diagnosis

Conclusion: various disorders and conditions required different modality of imaging and a health care provider must be well informed of the benefits and risks and be able to weigh in order to make use of the most appropriate imaging technique

Assessment of knowledge and attitude and practice of parents about immunization in Jeddah City, 2017

Background: Immunization has shown a major preventive aspects of infectious diseases, disability and death

Objectives: Assessing the Knowledge, attitude and practice [KAP] of Saudi parents in Jeddah City regarding the immunization programs for children, Saudi Arabia [KSA], 2017

Methods: It is a cross sectional survey study that was carried among 600 different Saudi parents form different parts of Jeddah City for 3 months from May to July 2017. The parents completed a questionnaire that contains 4 different parts about the demographics, knowledge, attitude and practice of parents toward immunization

Results: The included parents have shown a high level of awareness about vaccination regarding the preventive measures and importance of vaccination which resulted in positive attitudes and practice pattern among most of them. The overall KAP was good among most of parents [87.2%]. The higher KAP level was significantly associated with female gender, higher educational degree and having higher number of children

Conclusion: Most of Saudi parents had good KAP toward immunization which was associated with female gender and higher educational degrees. However, educational programs are still needed to increase the parents' knowledge and practice especially among illiterate and less educated parents living in rural areas