Hallermann-streiff syndrome a case report from Egypt

Hallermann-Streiff syndrome [HSS] is a rare genetic disorder that is primarily characterized by distinctive malformations of the skull and facial [craniofacial] region; sparse hair [hypotrichosis]; eye abnormalities; dental defects; degenerative skin changes [atrophy], particularly in the scalp and nasal regions; and proportionate short stature. Here we describe a case with HSS

Echographic evaluation of optic disc excavation

To evaluate the role of high resolution B-scan echography in differentiating the causes of optic disc excavation. A prospective study was conducted on 30 subjects presenting to Al-Zahraa University Hospital [2009 - 2011] with optic nerve excavation. Of these patients 10 with coloboma, 10 with cup-shaped posterior staphyloma and 10 with glaucomatous optic nerve cupping were identified. Horizontal and vertical approaches for optic disc excavations were evaluated using B-scan echography. Specific echographic criteria for excavation configurations were successfully estimated. High-resolution contact B-scan echography may provide useful differentiation for optic disc excavations in eyes with opaque media

Standardized echography versus A-mode biometry to determine axial length

This prospective study was performed to compare the accuracy of B-mode guided biometry with those of A-scan biometry using a conventional A- mode probe. Therefore, the axial length [AL] in 160 eyes of 160 candidates for cataract surgery was determined by B-mode-guided vector A-mode and A-mode biometry using Mentor Advent TM A/B system. The results showed that there was no statistical significant difference in the AL measured by A-mode biometry and B-mode biometry. These results suggested the reproducibility and accuracy of AL measurements with B- mode-guided vector-A-mode biometry

biometric study of ocular changes during accommodation for preoperative assessment of intraocular lens power

A biometric study using A-mode ultrasonography was performed on 45 eyes with and without ocular accommodation. During accommodation, an increased Lt and decreased anterior chamber death [ACD] were noted in group I only. The axial length was not significantly changed during accommodation or after the offset of any accommodative effect. It was concluded that axial length [AL] measurement performed on a dilated pupil can give an accurate result that was not statistically different than those obtained without papillary dilatation

Evaluation of uraemic patients undergoing haemodialysis

High incidence of uraemic patients in Egypt are suffered from severe visual deterioration in spite of having clear media. This deterioration is attributed to retinal vascular abnormalities, macular pigment degeneration and ischaemic changes of the choroid and optic nerve. To evaluate the causes and incidence of visual impairment in uraemic patients undergoing haemodialysis; this study was performed on fifty patients attending Al Zahraa University Hospital between [1994-1996]. Seventeen patients with duration of dialysis more than 30 months [group I] and thirty-three patients with duration of dialysis less than 30 months group [II]. Our Study proved that there are variable degrees of choroidal and macular fluoroangiographic changes together with a variety of field defects in both groups with a less severity in group II

Effect of trauma on the retina of the albino rat

This study has been carried out to elucidate the effect of trauma on the retina of 17 days and 8 weeks old rats. Fifty albino rats were used in this work 20 rats were used as a control to demonstrate the normal development of the retina in the albino rats 30 rats were exposed to a midline sagittal incision which made in one eye. The present study revealed that the trauma effect the same eye by retardation of growth and absence of some layers of it, also slight degenerative changes were noticed in some retinal cells. An increase in the growth of the retina and an increase in thickness of some retinal layers were observed in the opposite eye

Medicolegal significance of early postmortem changes in intraocular pressure, fundus and electrolyte concentrations in the vitreous humour

This work gives light on the ocular changes in the early postmortem period. These changes included the intraocular pressure [I.O.P], fundus and electrolytes in the vitreous humour. Fifty corpses with an accurately known time of death were examined in Al-Zahraa University Hospital. The corpses were divided according to the cause of death into pathology group and trauma group. In the pathology group, there was a slow gradual decline in the I.O.P, while in the trauma group, a rapid sharp decrease in the I.O.P was recorded. Fundus examination 30 minutes after death showed a markedly pale optic disc. After one hour, all the retina and the macula became pale and oedematous. Two hours after death, there was a rise in the vitreous potassium, while sodium, chlorides and calcium showed a slight reduction in their vitreous concentrations. It is suggested that, evaluation of the postmortem changes of I.O.P, fundus and electrolyte concentrations in the vitreous humour may be of great value in determining the time of death