The application of fecal microbiota transplantation in diseases / 医学研究生学报

Microbiota may coexist with the body and has a pivotal role in pathophysiological alterations such as intestinal immune defense, changes in brain function and regulation of hormone levels. There is increasing evidence indicating that intestinal microecological therapy is feasible and shows an ideal clinical outcome. Currently some progresses has been made in the study of clinical treatment and application of fecal microbiota transplantation. This article reviews the impact of fecal microbiota transplantation in digestive system disorders, neuropsychiatric disorders, endocrine system disorders, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system disorders, blood system disorders and other typical bacterial intervention methods in recent years.

Characteristics of bone tunnel changes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using Ligament Advanced Reinforcement System artificial ligament / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>There are different materials used for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. It has been reported that both autologous grafts and allografts used in ACL reconstruction can cause bone tunnel enlargement. This study aimed to observe the characteristics of bone tunnel changes and possible causative factors following ACL reconstruction using Ligament Advanced Reinforcement System (LARS) artificial ligament.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-three patients underwent ACL reconstruction using LARS artificial ligament and were followed up for 3 years. X-ray and CT examinations were performed at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after surgery, to measure the width of tibial and femoral tunnels. Knee function was evaluated according to the Lysholm scoring system. The anterior and posterior stability of the knee was measured using the KT-1000 arthrometer.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>According to the Peyrache grading method, grade 1 femoral bone tunnel enlargement was observed in three cases six months after surgery. No grade 2 or grade 3 bone tunnel enlargement was found. The bone tunnel enlargement in the three cases was close to the articular surface with an average tunnel enlargement of (2.5 ± 0.3) mm. Forty cases were evaluated as grade 0. The average tibial and femoral tunnel enlargements at the last follow-up were (0.8 ± 0.3) and (1.1 ± 0.3) mm, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in bone tunnel width changes at different time points (P > 0.05). X-ray and CT measurements were consistent.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There was no marked bone tunnel enlargement immediately following ACL reconstruction using LARS artificial ligament. Such enlargement may, however, result from varying grafting factors involving the LARS artificial ligament or from different fixation methods.</p>

Inhibition of the cystathionine-gamma-lyase/hydrogen sulfide pathway in rat vascular smooth muscle cells by cobalt-60 gamma radiation / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Radiation is a promising treatment for in stent restenosis and restenosis following percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, which has troubled interventional cardiologists for a long time. It inhibits neointima hyperplasia, vascular remodeling, and increases the mean luminal diameter. The mechanism of intracoronary brachytherapy for restenosis is not well understood. Endogenous gaseous transmitters including nitric oxide and carbon monoxide are closely related to restenosis. Hydrogen sulfide, a new endogenous gaseous transmitter, is able to inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and vascular remodeling. This study aimed to clarify the effect of radiation on cystathionine-gamma-lyase/hydrogen sulfide pathway in rat smooth muscle cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We studied the effect of radiation on the cystathionine-gamma-lyase/hydrogen sulfide pathway. Rat vascular smooth muscle cells were radiated with (60)Co gamma at doses of 14 Gy and 25 Gy respectively. Then the mRNA level of cystathionine-gamma-lyase was studied by quantitative reverse-transcription competitive polymerase chain reaction. Hydrogen sulfide concentration in culture medium was determined by methylene blue spectrophotometry. Cystathionine-gamma-lyase activity in vascular smooth muscle cells was also studied.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(60)Co gamma radiation at a dose of 1 Gy did not affect the cystathionine-gamma-lyase/hydrogen sulfide pathway significantly. However, (60)Co gamma radiation at doses of 14 Gy and 25 Gy decreased the hydrogen sulfide synthesis by 21.9% (P<0.05) and 26.8% (P<0.01) respectively. At the same time, they decreased the cystathionine-gamma-lyase activity by 15.1% (P<0.05) and 20.5% (P<0.01) respectively, and cystathionine-gamma-lyase mRNA expression by 29.3% (P<0.01) and 38.2% (P<0.01) respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Appropriate (60)Co gamma radiation inhibits the H(2)S synthesis by inhibiting the gene expression of cystathionine-gamma-lyase and the cystathionine-gamma-lyase activity.</p>