Síndrome metabólica e doenças cardiovasculares: do conceito ao tratamento / Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases: from concept to treatment

Nas últimas décadas, o entendimento dos mecanismos biológico e molecular da síndrome metabólica sofreu mudanças na melhor compreensão e reconhecimento precoce para prevenção e abordagens terapêuticas eficazes. Este artigo tem como objetivo rever os conceitos e os principais aspectos da fisiopatologia, fatores de risco cardiovasculares e tratamento das patologias que envolvem a síndrome metabólica e doenças cardiovasculares, analisando medidas necessárias a serem adotadas no dia a dia do cardiologista clínico, com base na epidemiologia cardiovascular, interpretando os riscos à luz dos escores de estratificação e, consequentemente, intervir sobre eles utilizando uma abordagem clínica adequada. Nessa revisão, são discutidos os conceitos e as implicações clínicas dos fatores de risco cardiovasculares e critérios diagnósticos e terapêuticos da Síndrome Metabólica.

In the last decades, the understanding of the biology and molecular mechanisms of the metabolic syndrome has changed, improving better compreension and early recognation to eficacy in prevention and terapeutic management. This article reviews the concepts and mainly aspects of pathophysiology, cardiovascular risk factors and treatment which involve metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases, analysing necessary measures to be adopted daily for cardiologists, based on cardiovascular epidemiology, understanding the risks by the stratification scores, to consequently interfere upon them, utilizing an adequate clinical aproach.

Myxoma of the mitral valve

Only rarely do myxomas originate from the mitral valve. This is the report of a 49-year-old woman presenting with congestive heart failure. The diagnosis of an intracardiac tumor involving the anterior cuspid of the mitral valve was mode by transesophageal echocardiography. The patient underwent surgery for tumor resection and plasty of the valve was made with reconstruction and preservation of the valve. The diagnosis of myxoma was confirmed by histology. This is the 23rd case of myxoma of the mitral valve reported in the literature.