Résumé
Heliotropium indicum (Boraginaceae) is used in the traditional Ivory Coast pharmacopeia to treat asthma. In the present study, wound healing effect of n- butanol fractions was evaluated in H292- cells. Fractions which possessed better wound healing activity were fractionated on Sephadex LH20 column chromatography. Two compounds have been isolated which were responsible for this wound healing effect. Their structures were established as Pestalamide B (1) and Glycinamide,N-(1-oxooctadecyl)glycyl-L-alanylglycyl-L-histidyl (2) on the basis of spectral analysis. Both compound 1 and 2 presented wound healing effect compared with the control (P<0.05).
Résumé
Stem cell factor (SCF) is a major mast cell growth factor, which could be involved in the local increase of mast cell number in the asthmatic airways. In vivo, SCF expression increases in asthmatic patients and this is reversed after treatment with glucocorticoids. In vitro in human lung fibroblasts in culture, IL-1beta, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, confirms this increased SCF mRNA and protein expression implying the MAP kinases p38 and ERK1/2 very early post-treatment, and glucocorticoids confirm this decrease. Surprisingly, glucocorticoids potentiate the IL-1beta-enhanced SCF expression at short term treatment, implying increased SCF mRNA stability and SCF gene transcription rate. This potentiation involves p38 and ERK1/2. Transfection experiments with the SCF promoter including intron1 also confirm this increase and decrease of SCF expression by IL-1beta and glucocorticoids, and the potentiation by glucocorticoids of the IL-1beta-induced SCF expression. Deletion of the GRE or kappaB sites abolishes this potentiation, and the effect of IL-1beta or glucocorticoids alone. DNA binding of GR and NF-kappaB are also demonstrated for these effects. In conclusion, this review concerns new mechanisms of regulation of SCF expression in inflammation that could lead to potential therapeutic strategy allowing to control mast cell number in the asthmatic airways.