Association between obesity and dyslipidemia among rural primary and middle school students in Students Nutrition Improvement Program Areas of Zhejiang Province / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#The study aimed to analyze the association between different types of obesity and dyslipidemia among rural primary and middle school students in Zhejiang Province, so as to inform strategies for prevention and control of childhood obesity and hyperlipidemia.@*Methods@#As part of Nutrition Improvement Programme for Rural Compulsory Education Students, 1 244 participants were selected by stratified cluster random sampling in 5 counties of Zhejiang Province during September to December 2021. Physical examination, detection of blood lipid and questionnaire survey were conducted. The Chi -square test and Logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between different types of obesity and dyslipidemia.@*Results@#The prevalence rates of overweight, obesity, abdominal obesity, and hyperlipidemia were 15.11%, 12.46%, 17.60%, and 21.78%. Obesity and abdominal obesity were correlated to high risk of high triglycerides ( OR =3.97, 95% CI =2.54-6.20; OR =4.45, 95% CI =2.95- 6.72 )( P <0.05). Compared with the non overweight and obese group with normal waist circumference,the overweight and obesity group were correlated to high risk of high cholesterol ( OR=2.53, 95%CI =1.45-4.42, P <0.05). Abdominal overweight or obese group had the highest risk for dyslipidemia and triglycerides ( OR =1.82, 95% CI =1.33-2.48; OR =3.64, 95% CI =2.45-5.43) ( P < 0.05).@*Conclusions@#The prevalence rates of overweight, obesity, abdominal obesity, and hyperlipidemia are relatively high in rural primary and middle school students of Nutrition Improvement Programme for Rural Compulsory Education Students in Zhejiang Province. Abdominal obesity is a more important risk factor for hyperlipidemia. Waist circumference should be the focus of considerable attention.

Analysis of clinical characteristics and warning factors in SARS-CoV-2 variants infection / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective To investigate the influence of the variation of SARS-CoV-2 on the clinical feature, and to provide early warning signs for the variation of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical work. Methods From Jan 2, 2021 to Jun 30, 2021, a total of 105 COVID-19 patients were included in the study using a case-control method. Nasal swab samples were collected from the study subjects, the viral genes were sequenced, and patients were divided into Delta variant group and non-Delta variant group according to their gene sequences. Clinically relevant data were collected from the two groups, and indicators such as days of hospitalization, age distribution, lymphocytes, neutrophils, B lymphocytes, NK cells, IL-4, and IL-10 were compared; subgroup analysis was performed based on the number of days of viral negativity in the study subjects as the basis for grouping, and differences in immunological characteristics were compared, including lymphocytes, neutrophils, B lymphocytes, NK cells, IL-4, IL-10, etc. Results The theoretical hospitalization days of Delta variant group were (22.2±8.33) d, which were significantly longer than (17.6±10.50) d of non-Delta variant group (t=2.396, P<0.05). The total lymphocyte count and IL-4 of Delta variant group were (1.22±0.86) ×109/L and (0.80±0.23) ng/mL, which were significantly lower than corresponding (1.91±0.70) ×109/L and (1.59±0.59) ng/mL of non-Delta variant group (t=4.329, 9.072, P<0.05), while IL-10 was (7.16±7.77) ng/mL, which was significantly higher than (4.26±3.91) ng/mL of non-Delta mutation group (t=1.980, P<0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that the total lymphocyte count and IL-4 concentration in Delta variant group were (1.04±0.60) ×109/L and (0.74±0.25) ng/ml, which were significantly lower than corresponding (1.62±0.56) ×109/L and (1.56±0.52) ng/mL in non-Delta variant group, in patients with delayed discharge (P<0.05). Conclutions SARS-CoV-2 variant has an impact on clinical manifestations. The patient's B cell count and IL-10 concentration increased or IL-2 and IL-4 concentration decreased within 12 hours of admission indicated variant virus infection. The decrease of total lymphocyte count, especially T lymphocyte reduction, strongly suggests discharge delay due to viral clearance disorder.

Current status and future perspectives on the methods of prognosis evaluation for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma / 中华外科杂志

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common primary malignant tumor in the liver after hepatocellular carcinoma. Its incidence and mortality rates have increased worldwide in recent years. Surgical resection is the best treatment modality for ICC;however,the overall prognosis remains poor. Accurate evaluation of post operative prognosis allows personalized treatment and improved long-term outcomes of ICC. The American Joint Commission on Cancer TNM staging manual is the basis for the standardized diagnosis and treatment of ICC;however,the contents of stage T and stage N need to be improved. The nomogram model or scoring system established in the analysis of commonly used clinicopathological parameters can provide individualized prognostic evaluation and improve prediction accuracy;however,more studies are needed to validate the results before clinical use. Meanwhile,imaging features exhibit great potential to establish the post operative prognosis evaluation system for ICC. Molecular-based classification provides an accurate guarantee for prognostic assessment as well as selection of populations that are sensitive to targeted therapy or immunotherapy. Therefore,the establishment of a prognosis evaluation system,based on clinical and pathological characteristics and centered on the combination of multidisciplinary and multi-omics,will be conducive to improving the long-term outcomes of ICC after surgical resection in the context of big medical data.

Nutritional status and influencing factors in the elderly at home / 预防医学

Objective@#To learn the results of MNA ( mini nutritional assessment ） nutrition screening and influencing factors in the elderly living at home, so as to provide basis for improving the nutritional status of the elderly living at home. @*Methods@#The elderly people at home were recruited from Yinzhou District, Yiwu City and Changshan County in Zhejiang Province by the multi-stage random sampling method. Their demographic information, living habits and nutritional status were collected by the MNA scale and the questionnaire for nutrition and health status surveillance. The multivariate linear regression model was used to analyze influencing factors for the nutritional status.@*Results@#Of 374 study subjects, 186 ( 49.73% ) were males and 188 ( 50.27% ) were females. The age was ( 69.63±6.68 ) years ( range, 60-90 years ). The average score of MNA scale was 25.26±2.81. The prevalence of malnutrition risk in the elderly living at home was 20.59%. Age ( β'=-0.140), marital status ( β'=0.110 ), annual income ( β'=0.155 ), active physical exercise ( β'= 0.104 ), eating health products/nutritional supplements ( β'= 0.110 ) and satiety ( full diet β'=0.196 ) were influencing factors for MNA scores ( P<0.05 ）.@*Conclusion@#The prevalence of malnutrition risk among the elderly living at home is 20.59%. The prevalence increases with age. Having a spouse, doing active physical exercise, eating health products/nutritional supplements, having healthy eating habits are conducive to maintaining the nutritional health of the elderly.

Systematic review of laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy for the treatment of early gastric cancer / 肿瘤

Objective: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) in treating early gastric cancer. Methods: We searched randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) and Cochrane Central Register from 1991 to March 2007 and included RCTs compared LADG to ODG for early gastric cancer. We also evaluated the methodological quality of included studies that involved randomization, blinding, contral. Meta-analysis was performed using Revman 4.2.9 software. Results: Four RCT involving 123 patients were included. Compared to open distal gastrectomy(ODG), LADG had less complications[odd ratio(OR)0.33, 95% confidence interval(CI) (0.14 to 0.77)], less estimated blood loss [weight mean difference(WMD) -85.72, 95% CI (-166.87 to -4.58)], lower frequency of analgesic requirement [WMD - 1.69, 95% CI(-2.18 to -1.21)], more early postoperative first flatus [WMD -0.68, 95% CI (-1.26 to -0.09)]. There was no significant difference between two groups in duration of hospital stay, wound or anastomotic complications, recurrence rate, metastasis rate, death rate and survival rate. The mean number of harvested lymph nodes was less or equal to ODG. But the operation time was significantly longer in LADG. Conclusion: In this systematic review, the short-term outcome of LADG for early gastric cancer is superior to ODG, and the long-term outcome is similar with ODG.

Characteristics of the populations defined by different criteria of the metabolism syndrome / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the characteristics of over weight and obesity subjects defined by three criteria: World Health Organization (WHO) in 1999, the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel Nll (NCEP-ATP II ) in 2001, and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) in 2005.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Medical history collection, physical examination, oral glucose tolerance test ( OGTT) , and frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGTT) were performed in 371 subjects with body mass index (BMI)> or =23 kg/m(2). Fasting blood samples were taken to test lipid profiles, urea acid level and so on. Data was analyzed including comparison and relationship statistics.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Data from FSIGTT showed that insulin resistance existed in all over weight and obesity subjects. The relationship between waist and sensitivity index (SI) was superior than that between BMI and SI ( r = - 0. 198 and r = - 0. 194, P < 0. 001). Totally 107 subjects (28. 8%) did not meet any definitions, 187 (50. 4%) met ATP definition, 98 (26. 4%) met WHO definition, and 234 (63. 1% ) met IDF definition. ATP and IDF definitions had the highest coincidence rate (70. 3% ) , and subjects in these two groups almost had basically the same manifestations. The age of onset in WHO group was higher than those in other two groups. Meanwhile, subjects in the WHO group was characterized by lower BMI, higher hyperlipidemia, and significantly increased fasting and postprandial blood glucose level. The MS component scores were positively correlated with age, BMI, waist, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) , and were negatively correlated with SI. However, no correlation was found between MS component scores and gender, fat% , or acute insulin response to glucose index.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Some of over weight and obesity subjects only have insulin resistance and have no metabolism syndrome. The group defined by IDF criteria of the metabolic syndrome (MS) has the highest incidence rate. Limited by the requirements of insulin resistance evaluation, the definition proposed by WHO is somewhat unfeasible for practices. ATP definition may be replaced by IDF definition, because the populations defined by ATP definition is covered by the latter. Meanwhile, the abnormalities of fat mass distribution in the body ( i. e. , central obesity) , rather than its contents, may exacerbate the occurrence of MS, as well as the development of insulin resistance.</p>