Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Montrer: 20 | 50 | 100
Résultats 1 - 2 de 2
Filtre
Ajouter des filtres








Gamme d'année
1.
Article Dans Anglais | IMSEAR | ID: sea-112117

Résumé

Nosocomial pneumonia is a common complication in mechanically ventilated patients. A study was carried out to determine the incidence, common bacterial etiologic agents and their antimicrobial susceptibility, and outcome of such pneumonia in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of a tertiary care center. In Surgical ICU (SICU) 176 patients required mechanical ventilation for more than 72 hours. A total of 39 (22.1%) of these patients developed nosocomial bacterial pneumonia as determined by microbiological assays. Endotracheal aspirate cultures detected a single bacterial isolate in 22 (56.4%) patients while two and three organisms were isolated from 10 (25.6%) and 7 (17.9%) patients respectively. Fifty three (84.1%) of a total of 63 isolates were Gram negative bacilli. The most frequently encountered pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter species among the Gram negative bacilli and Staphylococcus aureus among the Gram positives. Resistance of bacterial isolates varied from 24 to 90% against commonly used antibiotics. Amikacin had the best profile, with 14% to 55% resistance against various isolates. Twenty three (59%) of 39 patients with pneumonia expired in the ICU. P. aeruginosa (25.6%) and K. pneunmoniae (17.9%) were the predominant isolates in these patients. Nosocomial pneumonia with high mortality is a frequent occurrence in mechanically ventilated patients in our ICU setting. Gram negative organisms with high levels of antimicrobial resistance are the most common isolates. Regular surveillance and monitoring of changes in antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial pathogens and appropriate therapeutic measures are likely to reduce the mortality in these patients.


Sujets)
Amikacine/usage thérapeutique , Antibactériens/usage thérapeutique , Bactéries/isolement et purification , Infection croisée/traitement médicamenteux , Humains , Unités de soins intensifs/statistiques et données numériques , Pneumopathie bactérienne/traitement médicamenteux , Ventilation artificielle/effets indésirables
2.
Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci ; 2001 Jan-Mar; 43(1): 13-7
Article Dans Anglais | IMSEAR | ID: sea-30111

Résumé

Haemophilus influenzae is an important respiratory pathogen. Emergence of resistance to various antibiotics is a major problem in patient management. A total of 90 strains of H. influenzae were characterized from specimens obtained from patients of acute respiratory tract infection; 13 (14.4%) belonged to type beta. On biotyping, 90% strains belonged to biotype II. The frequency of resistance to various antibiotics was as follows: cotrimoxazole 33.3% ampicillin 21.1%, cephalexin 7.8%, chloramphenicol 7.8%, ciprofloxacin 2.5% erythromycin and tetracycline 5% each. All the ampicillin-resistant strains produced beta-lactamase as detected by nitrocefin disc method. None of the strains exhibited resistance to cefaclor and third generation cephalosporins. The present study showed emergence of variable resistance to ampicillin, cotrimoxazole and other antibiotics. It is important for the clinical microbiology laboratory to monitor drug resistant strains for instituting appropriate antibiotic therapy of respiratory infections due to H. influenzae.


Sujets)
Adolescent , Adulte , Enfant , Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Résistance microbienne aux médicaments , Femelle , Infections à Haemophilus/traitement médicamenteux , Haemophilus influenzae/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Humains , Inde/épidémiologie , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Pneumopathie bactérienne/traitement médicamenteux , Infections de l'appareil respiratoire/traitement médicamenteux
SÉLECTION CITATIONS
Détails de la recherche