Résumé
ABSTRACT Background: Triatominae are vectors of the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. This study aims to report an infestation on Triatominae colonies by a beetle, previously identified as a pest. Methods: The management of these colonies should be improved to maximize their usefulness, and factors that may cause harm to them should be avoided as much as possible. Results: This is the first report on a coleopteran infestation on living Triatominae colonies worldwide. Conclusions: The present record provides an important warning to researchers who maintain insectaries in general, especially those who rear triatomines, to carry protective measures against such invasions.
Résumé
Abstract INTRODUCTION: The occurrence of Microtriatoma borbai in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil is reported by the first time. METHODS: A triatomine specimen collected in a hybrid eucalyptus crop in the municipality of Aracruz, Espírito Santo state was found to be a male M. borbai. RESULTS: This finding expands the geographical distribution of M. borbai from four to five Brazilian states. It is the first report of M. borbai occurrence inside a eucalyptus crop. CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of M. borbai in the state of Espírito Santo broadens the geographical distribution of this species in southeastern Brazil.
Sujets)
Animaux , Mâle , Triatominae , Reduviidae , Eucalyptus , Brésil , EnvironnementRésumé
Abstract INTRODUCTION: The occurrence of Microtriatoma borbai in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil is reported by the first time. METHODS: A triatomine specimen collected in a hybrid eucalyptus crop in the municipality of Aracruz, Espírito Santo state was found to be a male M. borbai. RESULTS: This finding expands the geographical distribution of M. borbai from four to five Brazilian states. It is the first report of M. borbai occurrence inside a eucalyptus crop. CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of M. borbai in the state of Espírito Santo broadens the geographical distribution of this species in southeastern Brazil.
Sujets)
Triatominae , Reduviidae , Eucalyptus , Brésil , EnvironnementRésumé
Abstract INTRODUCTION: Chagas disease is caused by the protozoa Trypanosoma cruzi. Its main reservoir is the domestic dog, especially in rural areas with favorable characteristics for vector establishment and proliferation. The aims of this study were to collect data, survey and map the fauna, and identify T. cruzi infection in triatomines, as well as to assess the presence of anti-T. cruzi antibodies in dogs in rural areas of the municipality of Mossoró, Brazil. METHODS: An active entomologic research was conducted to identify adult specimens through an external morphology dichotomous key. The analysis of natural infection by T. cruzi in the insects was performed by isolation in culture and polymerase chain reaction. The antibody testing for T. cruzi in dogs was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect immunofluorescence assay. RESULTS: A total of 68 triatomines were captured, predominantly the Triatoma brasiliensis brasiliensis (Neiva 1911) species. The vector mapping displayed areas with greater risk for parasite transmission. Of the examined triatomines (51 specimens), 41.2% (21/51) were positive on polymerase chain reaction, and all were negative on culture. In the serum testing, 11% (25/218) of dogs were seropositive, but no association was found between the serologic results and the presence and infection by T. cruzi in triatomines. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated the movement of T. cruzi in the studied area, by the presence of vectors and naturally infected domestic reservoirs. The mapping of the studied rural area demonstrates the risk of disease transmission.
Sujets)
Animaux , Chiens , Trypanosoma cruzi/immunologie , Anticorps antiprotozoaires/sang , Triatominae/parasitologie , Maladie de Chagas/médecine vétérinaire , Maladies des chiens/diagnostic , Vecteurs insectes/parasitologie , Population rurale , Brésil/épidémiologie , Réaction de polymérisation en chaîne , Prévalence , Maladie de Chagas/diagnostic , Maladie de Chagas/épidémiologie , Technique d'immunofluorescence indirecte , Maladies des chiens/épidémiologieRésumé
In view of the high circulation of migratory birds and the environmental and climatic conditions which favor the proliferation of arthropods, the Brazilian Pantanal is susceptible to circulation of arboviruses. However, the amount of data concerning arbovirus vectors in this area is scarce; therefore the aim of this study was to conduct a preliminary investigation of Culicidae species in the Nhecolândia Sub-region of South Pantanal, Brazil and their potential importance in the arbovirus transmission. A total of 3684 specimens of mosquitoes were captured, 1689 of which caught in the rainy season of 2007, were divided into 78 pools and submitted to viral isolation, Semi-Nested RT-PCR and Nested RT-PCR, with a view to identifying the most important arboviruses in Brazil. Simultaneously, 70 specimens of ticks found blood-feeding on horses were also submitted to the same virological assays. No virus was isolated and viral nucleic-acid detection by RT-PCR was also negative. Nevertheless, a total of 22 Culicidae species were identified, ten of which had previously been reported as vectors of important arboviruses. The diversity of species found blood-feeding on human and horse hosts together with the arboviruses circulation previously reported suggest that the Nhecolândia Sub-region of South Pantanal is an important area for arbovirus surveillance in Brazil.
Regiões como o Pantanal brasileiro, que apresentam fatores como riqueza de fauna silvestre incluindo circulação de aves migratórias e condições ambientais e climáticas favoráveis à proliferação de artrópodes estão potencialmente sujeitas à circulação de arbovírus. Entretanto, poucos trabalhos foram realizados acerca da presença de arbovírus em potenciais vetores no Pantanal. Neste sentido o principal objetivo deste trabalho foi conduzir uma investigação preliminar para presença de arbovírus em amostragens de culicídeos capturados na Sub-região da Nhecolândia no Pantanal Sul. Um total de 3684 mosquitos foi capturado, dos quais 78 grupos compondo uma amostragem de 1789 espécimes foram submetidos às técnicas de isolamento viral e RT-PCR para os mais importantes arbovírus no Brasil. Simultaneamente, 70 espécimes de carrapatos capturados durante hematofagia em cavalos também foram submetidos à pesquisa viral. Não houve isolamento viral em nenhuma amostra analisada e os resultados de detecção de ácido nucléico viral foram também negativos. Entretanto, foram identificadas 22 espécies de culicídeos, dez das quais previamente reportadas como vetores de importantes arbovírus. A competência vetorial de espécies capturadas durante hematofagia em humanos e cavalos aliada ao relato prévio de circulação de arbovírus sugerem a Sub-região da Nhecolândia como uma importante área de vigilância para arbovírus no Centro-Oeste do Brasil.
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Animaux , Arbovirus/isolement et purification , Culicidae/virologie , Vecteurs insectes/virologie , Ixodidae/virologie , Infections à arbovirus/transmission , Arbovirus/génétique , Brésil , Culicidae/classification , Vecteurs insectes/classification , Ixodidae/classification , Densité de population , RT-PCR , SaisonsRésumé
Ghilianella beckeri n. sp. of Emesinae from Rondônia State, Brazil is described. The most similar species to G. beckeri sp. nov. is G. approximata (McAtee & Malloch 1925). Males of G . beckeri n. sp. can be separated from G. approximata because the latter has: (1) seventh tergite much shorter, slightly surpassing pygophore, and not wrinkled; (2), bifurcated medial posterior process of the pygophore; and (3) parameres without spines. Females of G. approximata can be distinguished from those of G . beckeri n. sp. since they have: (1) the expansions of the fifth abdominal tergum distinctly within lateral margins of disk; (2) the seventh tergite longer than wide; and (3) the eighth tergite semicircular and lightly carinate medially.
Ghilianella beckeri sp. nov. de Emesinae proveniente do Estado de Rondônia, Brasil é descrita. A espécie mais parecida com G. beckeri sp. nov. é G. approximata (McAtee & Malloch 1925). Machos de G . beckeri sp. nov. podem ser separados dos de G. approximata porque estes últimos possuem: (1) o sétimo tergito muito mais curto, ultrapassando levemente o pigóforo e com tegumento liso; (2) processo mediano posterior do pigóforo bifurcado; e (3) parâmeros inermes. Fêmeas de G. approximata podem ser distinguidas das de G . beckeri n. sp. por possuírem: (1) as expansões do quinto tergito abdominal distintamente dentro das margens laterais do disco; (2) o sétimo tergito mais longo do que largo; e (3) oitavo tergito semicircular, com discreta carena mediana.
Sujets)
Animaux , Mâle , Femelle , Heteroptera/anatomie et histologie , Heteroptera/classification , BrésilRésumé
Apiomerus costai sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) é descrita. Notas taxonômicas sobre Apiomerus Hahn são apresentadas.
Apiomerus costai sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) is described and taxonomical notes about Apiomerus Hahn are presented.
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Animaux , Femelle , Mâle , Heteroptera/anatomie et histologie , Heteroptera/classification , Brésil , Reduviidae/anatomie et histologie , Reduviidae/classificationRésumé
No presente trabalho são apresentados os resultados de 245 coletas realizadas esporadicamente em 57 pontos de capturas ao longo das margens do rio Tocantins, município de Porto Nacional-TO, no período de janeiro de 1999 a setembro de 2001, antes da formação do lago da Usina Hidrelétrica Luís Eduardo Magalhães. Objetivou-se conhecer as principais espécies de anofelinos coletados em três diferentes ecótopos. Foram capturados 4.051 espécimes e identificadas 22 espécies. As mais freqüentes foram: Anopheles albitarsis, An. oswaldoi, An. peryassui e An. triannulatus. Nos três ecótopos (intra, peri e extradomiciliar) estudados, Anopheles darlingi foi a espécie que predominou com 38,6por cento, seguida por An. argyritarsis com 16,9por cento e sete espécies ficaram abaixo de 1por cento(<0,1). As coletas realizadas no ambiente extradomiciliar apresentaram maior densidade, representando 75,6por cento dos espécimes obtidos.
Sujets)
Animaux , Anopheles , Centrales Énergétiques Hydroélectriques (Santé Environnementale) , Paludisme/épidémiologie , Brésil/épidémiologieRésumé
Three parasitoids of Actinote parapheles Jordan 1913 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), in the Superfamily Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) are recorded: Brachymeria mnestor (Walker 1841) (Chalcididae), Palmistichus elaiesis Delvare & LaSalle 1993 and Tetrastichus sp. (Eulophidae).
Três parasitóides de Actinote parapheles Jordan 1913 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), pertencentes à Superfamília Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera), são registrados: Brachymeria mnestor (Walker 1841) (Chalcididae), Palmistichus elaiesis Delvare & LaSalle 1993 e Tetrastichus sp. (Eulophidae).
Résumé
Um novo gênero e espécie de Reduviinae (Hemiptera-Heteroptera, Reduviidae) do Estado do Amazonas, Brasil, são descritos. Uma chave taxonômica para os gêneros Americanos de Reduviinae é fornecida.
Sujets)
Écosystème Amazonien , ReduviidaeRésumé
Brontostoma doughertyae sp. nov. (Hemiptera-Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Ectrichodiinae), proveniente dos Estados do Espírito Santo e Bahia, Brasil, é descrita com base em exemplares machos. Apresenta-se uma análise comparativa entre as estruturas fálicas de Brontostoma rubrum (Amyot & Serville, 1843) e B. doughertyae sp. nov.. Observou-se que três estruturas se destacam como diagnósticos: o processo do gonoporo (PrG); o suporte do falosoma (SPh) e o falosoma (Ph). Uma chave para as espécies brasileiras de Brontostoma é apresentada.