Study of biomechanical properties of mucosa scars after cleft palate surgery / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore biomechanical properties and stress-strain of mucosa scars after cleft palate surgery.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>After the model of mucosa scars was made, the mucosa scars and normal mucosa were excised and examined immediately by tensionometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mucosa scars after cleft palate surgery were compared with normal mucosa. The Poisson's ratio of mucosa scars and normal mucosa was 0.5 and 0.49, respectively, showing no significant difference between the two groups. The ultimate Young's modulus of mucosa scars was about 24.22 MPa, however, it declined to 3.32 Mpa in normal mucosa.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The mucosa scars after cleft palate surgery are biomechanically weaker than normal mucosa. It can be used for further research, such as maxillary orthognathic surgery, distraction osteogenesis, and orthodontic treatment.</p>

Three-dimensional finite element analysis for external midface distraction after different osteotomy in patients with cleft lip and palate / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study three-dimensional finite element analysis for external midface distraction after different osteotomy in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three-dimensional FEM models of Le Fort I, II and III osteotomy in CLP patients were established. External midface distraction were simulated. An anteriorly and inferiorly directed 900 g force was applied to bilateral maxillary arch in directions 30 degrees to the occlusal plane. Biomechanical changes for the maxillary complex were investigated by means of finite element analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Maxillary complex was advanced after different osteotomy. Constriction of alveolar crest and palate occurred in Le Fort I osteotomy, but not in Le Fort II and III osteotomy. Clockwise rotation occurred in Le Fort I osteotomy complex. Counterclockwise rotation occurred in Le Fort II and III osteotomy complex.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Three-dimensional finite element research on external midface distraction could provide reference for the preoperative design.</p>

Biomechanical study of internal midface distraction after different types of maxillary osteotomy in patients with cleft lip and palate / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the biomechanical changes of internal midface distraction after different types of maxillary osteotomy in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>3-D finite element (FEM) analysis was used. 3-D models of Le Fort I, II, III osteotomy and soft tissue were established. Based on the new pattern of internal midface distractor, the distraction of maxillary complex was simulated to advance 10 mm anteriorly. The mechanical change was studied.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The maxillary complex in CLP were advanced after distraction. Constriction of alveolar crest and palate occurred in Le Fort I osteotomy, but not in Le Fort II and III osteotomy. The maxillary complex was moved anteriorly en bloc after Le Fort III osteotomy, but some degree of rotation of maxillary complex was observed during the distraction after Le Fort I and II osteotomy. In vertical direction, the maxillary complex had more counterclockwise rotation after Le Fort II osteotomy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>3-D FEM analysis can be used for the study of internal distraction. It can reflect the maxillary movement and provide the theory basis for preoperative design.</p>