Causes of hospital admission of AIDS patients in southern Brazil, 2007 to 2012

Introduction The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic is a worldwide phenomenon that has been modified with the implementation of effective antiretroviral therapy. The objective of this study was to determine the leading causes of hospitalization among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals. Methods A cross-sectional study with patients admitted to a general hospital in southern Brazil, between January 2007 and May 2012. Results Medical records of 550 hospital admissions (230 patients) were reviewed, with an average of 2.4 hospitalizations per patient. Infectious diseases were the most prevalent causes of hospitalization. Overall, 44.8% patients died and their deaths were associated with longer hospital stays. Conclusions Opportunistic infections remained the leading causes of hospitalization. .

Perfil epidemiológico das crianças internadas por queimaduras em hospital do sul do Brasil, de 1998 a 2008 / Epidemiological profile of children inmate by burns in a hospital in the south of Brazil from 1998 to 2008

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico de pacientes vítimas de queimaduras, verificar a prevalência desse trauma, os fatores associados e sua relação com diversas variáveis. Método: Estudo transversal, conduzidono Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição, em Tubarão, Santa Catarina,no período compreendido entre janeiro de 1998 a dezembro de 2008, cuja amostra final constituiu-se de 111 crianças e adolescentes. Os dados foram analisados por meio dos testes de qui-quadrado e t de Student, com nível de significância de 95%. Resultados: Observou-se maior prevalência de crianças com idade entre 0 e 3 anos, com predominância do gênero masculino (p< 0,001). O agente etiológico mais frequente foi a escaldadura (p< 0,001), seguido por fogo (chamas ou explosão) e contatocom superfícies quentes. Crianças mais novas tiveram maior relação com queimadura por escaldadura (p = 0,01), enquanto pacientes com maioridade queimaram-se com fogo. O tempo médio de internação foi de uma semana e as áreas corporais mais acometidas foram face, tórax e membros superiores. Não houve qualquer relação entre queimaduras e sazonalidade. Conclusões: As queimaduras foram mais comuns em menores de 3 anos do sexo masculino. O mecanismo mais prevalente foi a escaldadura.

Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of burned patients, to verify the prevalence of this trauma, the associated factors and their relation to diverse variables. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted at Nossa Senhora da Conceição Hospital in Tubarão, Santa Catarina, from January 1998 through December 1998, which final sample was constituted of 111 children and adolescents. The data was analyzed through tests of chi-square and t-student with a level of significance of 95%. Results: It was observed a greater prevalence of children between 0 and 3 years of age, with a predominance of the male gender (p< 0.001). The etiologic agent more frequent was the scald (p< 0.001), followed by fire (flames or explosion) and contact with hot surfaces. Younger children were more related to scald burns (p = 0.01), while the older ones were burned by fire. The approximate internment time was of a week and the body areas more affected were the face, chest and superior members. There was no relation between burns and seasons. Conclusions: The burns were more common in male children between 0 and 3 years of age. The predominant mechanism was the scald.