Research advances in biodegradable intervertebral fusion cage for spine / 局解手术学杂志

Objective At present, the mainstream surgical mode and the gold standard for the treatment of spine related diseases are still the intervertebral fusion with the intervertebral implantation of the intervertebral fusion device.The intervertebral fusion device routinely used in clinical practice cannot degrade in vivo after implantation, resulting in lifelong foreign body.High elastic modulus also leads to osteoporosis in adjacent vertebral bodies, which leads to implant sinking, stress shielding and'pseudomorphism'of fusion.The ideal biodegradable synthetic intervertebral fusion cage can be progressively degraded and eventually replaced by new bone, which has the advantages of elastic modulus close to cortical bone, good biocompatibility, X-ray permeability and good initial mechanical strength.In this paper, animal analysis of biodegradable intervertebral fusion cage, clinical effect analysis, current shortcomings and future trends were reviewed.

Combination of electronic bronchoscope and narrow band imaging (NBI) in diagnosis of carcinomatous hydrothorax / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To evaluate the value of the electron bronchoscopy in diagnosis of carcinothoracic fluid in the case of replacing medical thoracoscopy and combining narrow-band imaging (NBI). Methods 89 cases of suspected cancerous pleural effusion patients, used electronic bronchoscope Olympus BF-1T 260 in place of medical thoracoscopy to enter pleural cavity in the usual way. First observed by white light bronchoscopy (WLB), then by narrow-band imaging (NBI) and take 5 pieces of tissue out respectively on the pleura of the lesion for pathological examination. Then compare the sensitivity and specificity of WLB and NBI methods, and the bleeding after biopsy. Result Among 89 cases of suspected cancerous pleural effusion patients, 85 cases found positive by white light bronchoscopy (WLB) , negative in 4 cases, 6 cases bleeding after biopsy (6.70%). Compared with the pathological results, WLB sensitivity 97.50%, specificity 22.22%. 68 cases found positive by NBI, negative 21 cases, no active bleeding after biopsy. Compared with the pathological results, the sensitivity of the NBI 86.67%, specificity 78.57%. Compared WLB with NBI, the former's sensitivity is superior to the latter, the latter's specificity is superior to the former. Both comparisons about sensitivity diagnosis of the and specificity are statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Electronic bronchial in place of medical thoracoscopy has high diagnostic rate in the carcinothoracic fluid, and the combination of NBI can improve the accuracy and security of the biopsy.

Recent Progress in the Construction of Functional Artificial Bone by Cytokine-Controlled Strategies / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>Objective</b>Combining artificial scaffolds with stimulatory factors to reconstruct lost bone tissues is one of the hottest research directions. The purpose of this review was to conduct a retrospective survey on the latest reports on artificial bone fabrication with functional cytokines.</p><p><b>Data Sources</b>The status of related scientific research from the year 2005 to 2018 was analyzed through the mode of literature retrieval in PubMed and VIP Database. The retrieval words are as follows: "bone tissue engineering," "angiogenesis," "cytokines," "osteogenesis," "biomimetic bone marrow," "sol-gel," "delivery system," and the corresponding Chinese words.</p><p><b>Study Selection</b>After reading through the title and abstract for early screening, the full text of relevant studies was evaluated and those not related with this review had been ruled out.</p><p><b>Results</b>According to the literature retrospective survey, there were three key points for the successful construction of functional artificial bones: (1) the continuous supply of relatively low concentration of cytokines during the required period; (2) the delivery of two or more cytokines essential to the process and ensure the relatively spatial independence to reduce the unnecessary interference; and (3) supporting the early-stage angiogenesis and late-stage osteogenesis, respectively, regulating and balancing the crosslinking of both to avoid the surface ossification that would probably block the osteogenesis inside.</p><p><b>Conclusions</b>The synergistic effect of both angiogenic factors and osteogenic factors applied in bone regeneration is a key point in the combined functional artificial bone. Through analysis, comparison, and summary of the current strategies, we proposed that the most promising one is to mimic the natural bone marrow function to facilitate the regeneration process and ensure the efficient repair of large weight-bearing bone defect.</p>

Research progress of self-assembled monolayer in biomedical metallic materials / 浙江大学学报·医学版

Because of the excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility and reasonable prices, biomedical metallic materials are widely used in the manufacture of vascular stents, heart valve membrane, artificial joints and other body implants. However, the physiological environment in the body is very complex, the long-term embedding of the metal implants may result in corrosion or some nonspecific effects. The properties of medical metal surfaces may decay, which can cause serious injury to human body. By means of the self-assembled monolayer(SAM) technology, the physical and chemical properties of the medical metal surfaces can be modified, and through the SAM medium, some functional materials can be grafted on the metal surfaces, which can largely improve the stability and compatibility of implants in the body, and find wide applications in promoting cell adhesion, improving hemocompatibility, inhibiting bacteria growth, and constructing drug delivery coatings. This paper reviews the progress in the application of SAM in biomedical metallic materials.

Effects of trimetazidine on myocardial metabolism evaluated by PET-CT in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Trimetazidine (TZM) has been shown to have anti-ischemia properties by optimizing ischemic myocardium metabolism. We evaluated the effect of TZM on myocardial metabolism with Positron Emission Computed Tomography (PET-CT) in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>TZM (60 mg/d, n = 15) or placebo (n = 15) was randomly applied to ischemic cardiomyopathy patients on top of conventional therapy for 12 months. Color Doppler Flow Imaging (CDFI), (18)F-FDP PET-CT imaging and (99m)Tc-MIBI gated single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) imaging were performed at study begin and after 12 months. LVEF with CDFI, summed rest scores (SRS) with SPECT and standard uptake value (SUV) with PET-CT of the segments which were perfusion-metabolism matched and decreased were determined respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 12 months, LVEF of the therapy group was increased from (37.9 +/- 5.0)% to (42.3 +/- 10.4)% (P < 0.05), while the control group increased from (37.9 +/- 4.6)% to (40.1 +/- 5.5)% (P > 0.05); SRSs of the matched segments of the therapy and the control were reduced from 3.9 +/- 1.0 to 2.4 +/- 2.3 (P < 0.01) and 4.0 +/- 0.7 to 2.8 +/- 1.8 (P < 0.05) respectively, while LVEF and SRSs were similar at study begin and after 12 months between these two groups. SUV of myocardial segments classified as myocardial perfusion-metabolism matched was increased from 5.3 +/- 1.5 to 9.8 +/- 4.7 in the therapy group (P < 0.05) and from 5.4 +/- 1.2 to 6.0 +/- 2.3 (P > 0.05) in the placebo group, SUV was significantly higher in the therapy group than that in placebo group after 12 months (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SPECT and (18)F-FDG imaging combination could be used to detect the surviving myocardium and chronic trimetazidine treatment could increase the glucose metabolism of ischemic cardiomyocytes in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy.</p>

A novel colloid probe preparation method based on chemical etching technique / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Several fundamental problems in hydrophobic force measurements using atomic force microscope (AFM) are discussed in this paper. A novel method for colloid probe preparation based on chemical etching technology is proposed, which is specially fit for the unique demands of hydrophobic force measurements by AFM. The features of three different approaches for determining spring constants of rectangular cantilevers, including geometric dimension, Cleveland and Sader methods are compared. The influences of the sizes of the colloids on the measurements of the hydrophobic force curves are investigated. Our experimental results showed that by selecting colloid probe with proper spring constant and tip size, the hydrophobic force and the complete hydrophobic interaction force curve can be measured by using AFM.

Effect of gufuhuo decoction on local apoptosis of steroid-induced necrosis of femoral head / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the bone specimen of SANFH (steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head) and the effect of Gufuhuo decoction on local apoptosis of SANFH.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Model rabbits of necrosis of femoral head, made by intragluteal injection with prednisone acetate, were killed after 6 weeks to study the apoptosis by means of TUNEL.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>A great number of faded osteocytes and osteoblasts existed in specimen of SANFH. There was significant difference in apoptosis indexes between model and control group, Gufuhuo decoction and Xianlinggubao group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In the course of SANFH, the necrosis results from the interaction of apoptosis and necrosis of steroid-induced osteocytes and osteoblasts. Gufuhuo decoction has some effects on improving apoptosis and necrosis of SANFH.</p>

Two ancient rounds of polyploidy in rice genome / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

An ancient genome duplication (PPP1) that predates divergence of the cereals has recently been recognized. We report here another potentially older large-scale duplication (PPP2) event that predates monocot-dicot divergence in the genome of rice (Oryza sativa L.), as inferred from the age distribution of pairs of duplicate genes based on recent genome data for rice. Our results suggest that paleopolyploidy was widespread and played an important role in the evolution of rice.

Urgent management of quadriplegia following Sichuan earthquake under field condition / 第二军医大学学报

Objective:To explore the urgent management strategy for quadriplegia following China Wenchuan earthquake under filed condition.Methods:The 57-year-old male patient was sent to the earthquake relief team of Changzheng Hospital,Second Military Medical University.He was hit by heavy object during the Sichuan earthquake 6 days ago.Physical examination revealed cervical spinal cord injury accompanied by incomplete paralysis.The patient underwent cervical 3-7 laminectomy under general anesthesia.Results: After surgery,the muscle strength of lower limbs recovered to grade four from grade one;the muscle strength of upper limbs recovered to grade five from grade three.Sensory loss was found below the nipple level and totally recovered after operation.Conclusion:Early surgery for quadriplegia following earthquake trauma can timely relieve compression to the spinal cord and therefore improve prognosis of patients.Under field condition where facilities are not readily available,decompression of spinal cord can be achieved by lamineetomy via posterior approach.The key to successful operation is correct diagnosis and skillful manipulation.