Caracterización de cepas de Campylobacter jejuni obtenidas desde carne de pollo y heces de aves de corral de la zona central de Chile / Characterization of Campylobacter jejuni samples coming form poultry meat and feces

Background Campylobacter jejuni is one of the main causal agents of food borne diseases. Infections with this pathogen are mainly caused by chicken meat consumption. Aim To characterize antibiotic resistance and virulence factors in C. jejuni strains obtained from chicken meat and poultry feces in Central Chile. Material and Methods The presence of C. jejuni in 30 meat and 40 feces samples from poultry was studied. From these samples, we obtained 40 strains which were characterized at the molecular level for the presence of 16 genes involved in virulence using PCR. In parallel, antibiotic resistance for ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, tetracycline, erythromycin, azithromycin, chloramphenicol y ampicillin was analyzed. Results Twenty and 63% of feces and chicken meat samples were positive for C. jejuni, respectively. Moreover, a high percentage of strains showed antibiotic resistance, where 27% of strains were resistant to all tested antibiotics, except for azithromycin. Finally, 10% of the strains coming from feces contained 14 out of 16 virulence genes evaluated. Only 23% of the strains did not contain any of these genes. Conclusions A high percentage of feces and chicken meat samples are contaminated with C. jejuni. Moreover, these strains show a high genetic and phenotypic diversity represented by their antibiotic resistance profiles and the presence of virulence factors.

Asociación entre religiosidad y síntomas ansiosos y depresivos en estudiantes universitarios / Association between religiosity and anxiety and depressive symptoms in college students

Introducción: Existe información divergente acerca de la asociación entre religiosidad y síntomas emocionales. Un estudio con adolescentes colombianos observó falta de asociación estadísticamente significativa entre religiosidad y síntomas depresivos. No se conocen datos sobre este tópico en estudiantes universitarios. Objetivo: Estimar la asociación entre religiosidad y síntomas ansiosos y depresivos en universitarios de una institución colombiana. Método: Se realizó una investigación transversal correlacional. Los universitarios diligenciaron la escala breve de Zung para ansiedad, el Índice de Bienestar General para síntomas depresivos y la escala breve de Francis para religiosidad. Se calcularon correlaciones de Pearson (r) y se aceptaron diferencias significativas r superiores a 0,300 con probabilidad (p)<0,01. Resultados: Un total de 1.349 estudiantes de distintos programas académicos participó en la investigación. La media para la edad fue 20,6 años (DE=3,4) y el 50,7% eran hombres. Los coeficientes de alfa de Cronbach fueron 0,720, 0,763 y 0,966 para la escala breve de Zung para ansiedad, el Índice de Bienestar General para síntomas depresivos y la escala breve de Francis para religiosidad, respectivamente. Se encontró una asociación sin importancia estadística entre síntomas ansiosos (r=0,062; p>0,01) y síntomas depresivos (r=0,036; p>0,01) y la religiosidad. Conclusiones: El bienestar emocional de universitarios de una universidad colombiana cuantificado por síntomas ansiosos y depresivos es independiente de las puntuaciones en religiosidad. Este hallazgo corrobora la falta de asociación entre síntomas depresivos y religiosidad en adolescentes de Cartagena, Colombia. Se necesitan investigaciones en otras regiones del país.

Introduction: There is conflicting information about the association between religiosity and emotional symptoms. A study of adolescents Colombian observed lack of statistically significant association between religiosity and depressive symptoms. No data on this topic are known in college students. Objective: To estimate the association between religiosity and anxiety and depression in a Colombian university institution symptoms. Method: A correlational cross-sectional study was conducted. The university then fill out brief Zung scale for anxiety, the General Welfare Index for depressive symptoms and brief Francis scale for religiosity. Pearson correlations (r) were calculated and significant differences exceeding 0,300 r accepted with probability (p) <0.01. Results: A total of 1,349 students from different academic programs involved in the research. The mean age was 20.6 years (SD = 3.4) and 50.7% were men. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients were 0.720, 0.763 and 0.966 for the brief Zung scale for anxiety, the General Welfare Index for depressive symptoms and brief Francis scale for religiousness, respectively. no statistically significant association was found between anxiety symptoms (r = 0.062; p> 0.01) and depressive symptoms (r = 0.036; p> 0.01) and religiosity. Conclusions: The emotional well-being of a Colombian university college quantified by anxiety and depressive symptoms is independent of scores in religiosity. This finding corroborates the lack of association between depressive symptoms and religiousness among adolescents in Cartagena, Colombia. research is needed in other regions of the country.