[Evaluation of L-Carnitine effect on the testis tissue of mature Exposed with Cadmium]

The evaluation of L-Carnitine effect on the testis tissue of mature rats exposed to Cadmium This research was carried out on 30 mature male rats, weighting about 180-240gr. Animals were divided into five groups. The first group [control group] received nothing. The second group [distilled water.0.3rn1] third group [L-Carnitine. 500 mglkg Body Weight] fourth group [Cadmium, lmg-kg B.W] and for the fifth group [L-Carnitine 500 mg/kg B.W and Cadmium 1mg/kg B.W] were injected intraperitoneally for 16 days at an interval of 48h between subsequent treatments. Animals were sacrificed on day 17 after the first treatment. For the evaluation of the sperm count the right cauda epididymis was removed and immidiately imrnei-sede into lOmI of the FIBSS. For the histological evaluation, the right testis was submerged into the 10% formaline. with innnuno-liistocheinical [Ki-67] staining, the number of ccll proliferation in the seminiferous tubes were evaluated, as well as the testicular histology evaluated by the Johosen Score. Following contamination with Cadmium the rats showed decrease in the number of cuda epididyniss sperm the number of cell proliferation and number of spernmtogenic cells in the seminiferous tubes. In addition L-Carnitine caused increase in the number of cuda epididymis sperm, the number of cell proliferation and number of spermatogenic cells in Cadmium induced group. Reasults demonstrated beneficial effects of L-Carnitine treatment in cadmium toxicity on number of cauda epididymis sperm and testicular tissue

[Study of the effects of hexamethylenetetramine [HMT] on the number of pleural visceral layer mast cells in rats after exposure to sulfur mustard [HD]]

Background and Objective: sulfur mustard is a potent chemical vesicant warfare agent that remains a significant military and civilian threat. Inhalation of sulfur mustard gas causes inflammation and injury to airways and bronchioles. Mast cells promote allergic reactions when exposed to some chemical compounds such as HD. Hexamethylenetetramine has been shown to protect human lung cells against HD toxicity and has also been shown to be effective against the chemical warfare agent phosgene in vivo. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of HMT on the number of mast cells in the lamina propria of visceral layer of pleura in male rats after exposure to sulfur mustard

Materials and Methods: twenty seven Albino Wister male rats weighting 200+/-20 gr were randomly divided into 5 groups [Normal Saline [N.S], HMT, HD, Pre-exposure and Post-exposure]. HD, Pre-exposure and Post-exposure groups received sulfur-mustard and N.S group received Normal Saline as a solvent by intratracheal catheter. HMT, Pre-exp and Post-exp groups received HMT via intra-peritoneal for 14 days. After the day 14, body weight changes, the rate of lung tissue injury and the number of mast cells measured in the pleura's visceral layer of the rats' lungs

Results: histological examination and mast cells count showed no significant difference when compared among NS, HMT, Pre-exposure and Post-exposure groups. However, significant reduction was seen in the number of mast cells in HMT and NS groups in comparison with the HD group [p < 0/001]. The number of mast cells in the Pre-exposure and Post-exposure groups was also significantly lower than that of the HD group [p < 0/001]

Conclusions: from the results of this study it can be concluded that HMT may have a positive protective and therapeutic effect on lung tissue in rats